---
title: 1 Chronicles 14:15 (JPS 1917) — And it shall be, when thou hearest the sound of marching in the tops… · tree and pragmatics
description: And it shall be, when thou hearest the sound of marching in the tops of the mulberry-trees, that then thou shalt go out to battle; for God is gone out before thee to smite the host of the Philistines.' Who acts: thou, sound, God. 1 Chronicles 14:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# 1 Chronicles 14:15 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And it shall be, when thou hearest the sound of marching in the tops of the mulberry-trees, that then thou shalt go out to battle; for God is gone out before thee to smite the host of the Philistines.'

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**Who acts:** thou, sound, God · **What happens:** hear, march, go out, gone out, smite · **To what, where:** sound, tops, host

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Chronicles 14:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, sound, God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1CH:590
# text = And it shall be, when thou hearest the sound of marching in the tops of the mulberry-trees, that then thou shalt go out to battle; for God is gone out before thee to smite the host of the Philistines.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
7	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	nsubj	_	_
8	hearest	hear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	marching	march	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	acl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	tops	top	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	mulberry	mulberry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
19	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	_
20	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
22	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
23	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	26	advmod	_	_
24	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	26	nsubj	_	_
25	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
27	out	out	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
28	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
30	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
31	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
32	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
33	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	gone	gone	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
35	out	out	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
36	before	before	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	34	obl	_	_
38	to	to	PART	TO	_	39	mark	_	_
39	smite	smite	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	advcl	_	_
40	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	41	det	_	_
41	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obj	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	Philistines	philistine	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	41	nmod	_	_
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
46	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | present | thou | the sound |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus |
| 2 | **march** | gerund | the sound *not said here* |  |  | the tops of the mulberry trees |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in top=Trajectory |
| 3 | **go out** | shall | thou |  |  |  | then | to battle; out *property* | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **gone out** | present · passive | God |  |  |  | before thee | out *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **smite** | to-infinitive | God *not said here* | the host of the Philistines |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus host=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וִ֠יהִי כְּֽשָׁמְעֲךָ֞ אֶת־ק֤וֹל הַצְּעָדָה֙ בְּרָאשֵׁ֣י הַבְּכָאִ֔ים אָ֖ז תֵּצֵ֣א בַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה כִּֽי־יָצָ֤א הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ לְפָנֶ֔יךָ לְהַכּ֖וֹת אֶת־מַחֲנֵ֥ה פְלִשְׁתִּֽים׃

[1 Chronicles 14:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.14.15/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:590` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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