---
title: 1 Chronicles 2:3 (JPS 1917) — And Er, Judah's first-born, was wicked in the sight of the LORD; and… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Er, Judah's first-born, was wicked in the sight of the LORD; and He slew him. Who acts: Er, Judah. 1 Chronicles 2:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Chronicles 2:3 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Er, Judah's first-born, was wicked in the sight of the LORD; and He slew him.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Er, Judah · **What happens:** be, slay, sight · **To what, where:** sight, three, LORD

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This is 1 Chronicles 2:3 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Er, Judah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1CH:68
# text = And Er, Judah's first-born, was wicked in the sight of the LORD; and He slew him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
2	Er	Er	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	_
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	amod	_	_
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	_
8	born	first-born	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	slew	slay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
22	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Er |  |  | the sight of the LORD |  | wicked *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **slay** | past | Judah | three |  |  |  |  | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
| 3 | **sight** |  |  | the LORD |  |  |  |  | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
בְּנֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֗ה עֵ֤ר וְאוֹנָן֙ וְשֵׁלָ֔ה שְׁלוֹשָׁה֙ נ֣וֹלַד ל֔וֹ מִבַּת־שׁ֖וּעַבַּת־שׁ֖וּעַ הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֑ית וַיְהִ֞י עֵ֣ר ׀ בְּכ֣וֹר יְהוּדָ֗ה רַ֛ע בְּעֵינֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה וַיְמִיתֵֽהוּ׃ס

[1 Chronicles 2:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.2.3/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. [The sons of Judah: Er, and Onan, and Shelah; which three were born unto him of Bath-shua the Canaanitess.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.67/)
2. **And Er, Judah's first-born, was wicked in the sight of the LORD; and He slew him.**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:68` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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