---
title: 1 Chronicles 18:10 (JPS 1917) — he sent Hadoram his son to king David, to salute him, and to bless h… · tree and pragmatics
description: he sent Hadoram his son to king David, to salute him, and to bless him — because he had fought against Hadarezer and smitten him; for Hadarezer had wars with Tou — and he had with him all manner of vessels of gold and silver and brass. Who acts: David, Hadarezer. 1 Chronicles 18:10 in JPS 1917 with 
---

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# 1 Chronicles 18:10 · JPS 1917

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he sent Hadoram his son to king David, to salute him, and to bless him — because he had fought against Hadarezer and smitten him; for Hadarezer had wars with Tou — and he had with him all manner of vessels of gold and silver and brass.

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**Who acts:** David, Hadarezer · **What happens:** send, salute, bless, fight, smite, have · **To what, where:** son, Hadoram, David, wars, manner

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Chronicles 18:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, Hadarezer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1CH:704
# text = he sent Hadoram his son to king David, to salute him, and to bless him — because he had fought against Hadarezer and smitten him; for Hadarezer had wars with Tou — and he had with him all manner of vessels of gold and silver and brass.
1	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Hadoram	Hadoram	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	iobj	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	salute	salute	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	bless	bless	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
19	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
20	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	fought	fight	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	advcl	_	_
23	against	against	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Hadarezer	Hadarezer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	smitten	smite	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	22	conj	_	_
27	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	_
28	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
29	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
30	Hadarezer	Hadarezer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
31	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
32	wars	war	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obj	_	_
33	with	with	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	Tou	Tou	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	32	nmod	_	_
35	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
37	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	nsubj	_	_
38	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	conj	_	_
39	with	with	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	obl	_	_
41	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	42	det	_	_
42	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obj	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	vessels	vessel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	nmod	_	_
45	of	of	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
46	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	nmod	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
48	silver	silver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	conj	_	_
49	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	50	cc	_	_
50	brass	brass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	conj	_	_
51	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | David | David's son | Hadoram |  |  | to king David | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent hadoram=Destination son=Theme |
| 2 | **salute** | to-infinitive | David *not said here* | David |  |  |  |  | vn curtsey-40.3.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Topic |
| 3 | **bless** | to-infinitive | David *not said here* | David |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 4 | **fight** | past · perfect | David |  |  |  |  | against Hadarezer | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **smite** | participle | David *not said here* | David |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer |
| 6 | **have** | past | Hadarezer | wars |  |  |  | with Tou | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent war=Patient |
| 7 | **have** | past | David | all manner of vessels of gold and silver and brass |  |  |  | with Hadarezer | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent manner=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח אֶת־הֲדֽוֹרָם־בְּנ֣וֹ אֶל־הַמֶּֽלֶךְ־דָּ֠וִיד לִשְׁאָל־ל֨וֹ לְשָׁל֜וֹם וּֽלְבָרֲכ֗וֹ עַל֩ אֲשֶׁ֨ר נִלְחַ֤ם בַּהֲדַדְעֶ֙זֶר֙ וַיַּכֵּ֔הוּ כִּי־אִ֛ישׁ מִלְחֲמ֥וֹת תֹּ֖עוּ הָיָ֣ה הֲדַדְעָ֑זֶר וְכֹ֗ל כְּלֵ֛י זָהָ֥ב וָכֶ֖סֶף וּנְחֹֽשֶׁת׃

[1 Chronicles 18:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.18.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:704` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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