---
title: 1 Chronicles 18:12 (JPS 1917) — Moreover Abishai the son of Zeruiah smote of the Edomites in the Val… · tree and pragmatics
description: Moreover Abishai the son of Zeruiah smote of the Edomites in the Valley of Salt eighteen thousand. Who acts: Abishai. 1 Chronicles 18:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Chronicles 18:12 · JPS 1917

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Moreover Abishai the son of Zeruiah smote of the Edomites in the Valley of Salt eighteen thousand.

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**Who acts:** Abishai · **What happens:** smote · **To what, where:** Edomites, Valley

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This is 1 Chronicles 18:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abishai), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1CH:706
# text = Moreover Abishai the son of Zeruiah smote of the Edomites in the Valley of Salt eighteen thousand.
1	Moreover	moreover	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
2	Abishai	Abishai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Zeruiah	Zeruiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	smote	smote	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Edomites	Edomite	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Valley	Valley	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Salt	Salt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	eighteen	eighteen	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	compound	_	_
17	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smote** | past | Abishai | the Edomites |  | the Valley of Salt |  | moreover *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְאַבְשַׁ֣י בֶּן־צְרוּיָ֗ה הִכָּ֤ה אֶת־אֱדוֹם֙ בְּגֵ֣יא הַמֶּ֔לַח גֵ֣יא הַמֶּ֔לַח שְׁמוֹנָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר אָֽלֶף׃

[1 Chronicles 18:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.18.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:706` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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