---
title: 1 Chronicles 19:18 (JPS 1917) — And the Arameans fled before Israel; and David slew of the Arameans… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the Arameans fled before Israel; and David slew of the Arameans the men of seven thousand chariots, and forty thousand footmen, and killed Shophach the captain of the host. Who acts: Arameans, David. 1 Chronicles 19:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Chronicles 19:18 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the Arameans fled before Israel; and David slew of the Arameans the men of seven thousand chariots, and forty thousand footmen, and killed Shophach the captain of the host.

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**Who acts:** Arameans, David · **What happens:** flee, slay, kill · **To what, where:** men, Shophach

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Chronicles 19:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Arameans, David), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1CH:736
# text = And the Arameans fled before Israel; and David slew of the Arameans the men of seven thousand chariots, and forty thousand footmen, and killed Shophach the captain of the host.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	Arameans	aramean	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	fled	flee	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	before	before	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	slew	slay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Arameans	aramean	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	compound	_	_
18	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	19	nummod	_	_
19	chariots	chariot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	forty	forty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	23	compound	_	_
23	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	24	nummod	_	_
24	footmen	footman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	killed	kill	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
28	Shophach	Shophach	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	captain	captain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	appos	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	_
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=narrator

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flee** | past | the Arameans |  |  |  | before Israel |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **slay** | past | David | the men of thousand chariots and thousand footmen |  |  |  | of the Arameans | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Patient |
| 3 | **kill** | past | David *not said here* | Shophach |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shophach=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּ֣נָס אֲרָם֮ מִלִּפְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וַיַּהֲרֹ֨ג דָּוִ֜יד מֵאֲרָ֗ם שִׁבְעַ֤ת אֲלָפִים֙ רֶ֔כֶב וְאַרְבָּעִ֥ים אֶ֖לֶף אִ֣ישׁ רַגְלִ֑י וְאֵ֛ת שׁוֹפַ֥ךְ שַֽׂר־הַצָּבָ֖א הֵמִֽית׃

[1 Chronicles 19:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.19.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:736` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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