---
title: 1 Chronicles 21:16 (JPS 1917) — Then David and the elders, clothed in sackcloth, fell upon their fac… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then David and the elders, clothed in sackcloth, fell upon their faces. Who acts: David. 1 Chronicles 21:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.769/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/21/) / [21:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.21.16/) / JPS 2

# 1 Chronicles 21:16 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then David and the elders, clothed in sackcloth, fell upon their faces.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** David · **What happens:** clothe, fall · **To what, where:** David, faces

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 1 Chronicles 21:16 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1CH:769
# text = Then David and the elders, clothed in sackcloth, fell upon their faces.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
2	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	elders	elder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	clothed	clothe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sackcloth	sackcloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
11	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	faces	face	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clothe** | participle |  | David and the elders *not said here* |  |  |  | in sackcloth | vn dress-41.1.1-1-2 «Passive»: agent=Pivot in sackcloth=Theme |
| 2 | **fall** | past | David and the elders |  |  | elders's faces | then |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon face=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּשָּׂ֨א דָוִ֜יד אֶת־עֵינָ֗יו וַיַּ֞רְא אֶת־מַלְאַ֤ךְ יְהוָה֙ עֹמֵ֗ד בֵּ֤ין הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ וּבֵ֣ין הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וְחַרְבּ֤וֹ שְׁלוּפָה֙ בְּיָד֔וֹ נְטוּיָ֖ה עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וַיִּפֹּ֨ל דָּוִ֧יד וְהַזְּקֵנִ֛ים מְכֻסִּ֥ים בַּשַּׂקִּ֖ים עַל־פְּנֵיהֶֽם׃

[1 Chronicles 21:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.21.16/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. [And David lifted up his eyes, and saw the angel of the LORD standing between the earth and the heaven, having a drawn sword in his hand stretched out over Jerusalem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.768/)
2. **Then David and the elders, clothed in sackcloth, fell upon their faces.**

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:769` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [1 Chronicles 21:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.768/)
- next →: [1 Chronicles 21:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.770/)
- ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 21:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.21.16/)