--- title: 1 Chronicles 21:18 (JPS 1917) — Then the angel of the LORD commanded Gad to say to David, that David… · tree and pragmatics description: Then the angel of the LORD commanded Gad to say to David, that David should go up, and rear an altar unto the LORD in the threshing-floor of Ornan the Jebusite. Who acts: angel, David. 1 Chronicles 21:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.771/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/21/) / [21:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.21.18/) / JPS 1 # 1 Chronicles 21:18 · JPS 1917 Then the angel of the LORD commanded Gad to say to David, that David should go up, and rear an altar unto the LORD in the threshing-floor of Ornan the Jebusite. **Who acts:** angel, David · **What happens:** command, say, go up, rear · **To what, where:** Gad, David, altar, threshing floor · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Chronicles 21:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (angel, David), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1CH:771 # text = Then the angel of the LORD commanded Gad to say to David, that David should go up, and rear an altar unto the LORD in the threshing-floor of Ornan the Jebusite. 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 7 advmod _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 angel angel NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 7 commanded command VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 Gad Gad PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 9 to to PART TO _ 10 mark _ _ 10 say say VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 xcomp _ _ 11 to to ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 David David PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 obl _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 14 that that SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 15 David David PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 16 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 go go VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 10 ccomp _ _ 18 up up ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 rear rear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 17 conj _ _ 22 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 altar altar NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 24 unto unto ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 27 in in ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 29 threshing threshing NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 compound _ _ 30 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 29 punct _ _ 31 floor floor NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obl _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 Ornan Ornan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 nmod _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 35 Jebusite Jebusite PROPN NNP Number=Sing 33 appos _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **command** | past | the angel of the LORD | Gad | | | then | | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent gad=Recipient clause=Topic | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the angel of the LORD *not said here* | | David | | | | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to david=Experiencer clause=Topic | | 3 | **go up** | should | David | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 4 | **rear** | infinitive | David *not said here* | a altar | | the threshing floor of Ornan | | unto the LORD | vn rear-26.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent altar=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וּמַלְאַ֧ךְ יְהוָ֛ה אָמַ֥ר אֶל־גָּ֖ד לֵאמֹ֣ר לְדָוִ֑יד כִּ֣י ׀ יַעֲלֶ֣ה דָוִ֗יד לְהָקִ֤ים מִזְבֵּ֙חַ֙ לַיהוָ֔ה בְּגֹ֖רֶן אָרְנָ֥ן הַיְבֻסִֽי׃ [1 Chronicles 21:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.21.18/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:771` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 21:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.770/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 21:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.772/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 21:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.21.18/)