---
title: 1 Chronicles 21:20 (JPS 1917) — And Ornan turned back, and saw the angel; and his four sons that wer… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Ornan turned back, and saw the angel; and his four sons that were with him hid themselves. Who acts: Ornan, four sons. 1 Chronicles 21:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Chronicles 21:20 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Ornan turned back, and saw the angel; and his four sons that were with him hid themselves.

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**Who acts:** Ornan, four sons · **What happens:** turn back, see, be, hide · **To what, where:** angel, sons

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This is 1 Chronicles 21:20 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ornan, four sons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1CH:773
# text = And Ornan turned back, and saw the angel; and his four sons that were with him hid themselves.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Ornan	Ornan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	back	back	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	angel	angel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
13	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
15	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
16	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	acl:relcl	_	_
19	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
20	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	19	obj	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn back** | past | Ornan |  |  |  |  |  | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **see** | past | Ornan *not said here* | the angel |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer angel=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | past | Ornan's four sons |  |  |  |  | with Ornan | tree rules |
| 4 | **hide** | past | Ornan's four sons | sons *= son* |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּ֣שָׁב אָרְנָ֗ן וַיַּרְא֙ אֶת־הַמַּלְאָ֔ךְ וְאַרְבַּ֧עַת בָּנָ֛יו עִמּ֖וֹ מִֽתְחַבְּאִ֑ים וְאָרְנָ֖ן דָּ֥שׁ חִטִּֽים׃

[1 Chronicles 21:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.21.20/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. **And Ornan turned back, and saw the angel; and his four sons that were with him hid themselves.**
2. [Now Ornan was threshing wheat.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.774/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:773` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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