---
title: 1 Chronicles 27:31 (JPS 1917) — All these were the rulers of the substance which was king David's. · tree and pragmatics
description: All these were the rulers of the substance which was king David's. Who acts: these, substance. 1 Chronicles 27:31 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 1 Chronicles 27:31 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2

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All these were the rulers of the substance which was king David's.

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**Who acts:** these, substance · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** rulers

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This is 1 Chronicles 27:31 · JPS 1917, sentence 2 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (these, substance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:1CH:972
# text = All these were the rulers of the substance which was king David's.
1	All	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	2	det:predet	_	_
2	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rulers	ruler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	acl:relcl	_	_
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | these | the rulers |  |  |  | of the substance | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | the substance |  |  |  |  | 's king's David | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְעַל־הַצֹּ֖אן יָזִ֣יז הַֽהַגְרִ֑י כָּל־אֵ֙לֶּה֙ שָׂרֵ֣י הָרְכ֔וּשׁ אֲשֶׁ֖ר לַמֶּ֥לֶךְ דָּוִֽיד׃

[1 Chronicles 27:31: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.27.31/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. [and over the flocks was Jaziz the Hagrite.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.971/)
2. **All these were the rulers of the substance which was king David's.**

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:972` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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