--- title: 1 Chronicles 28:20 (JPS 1917) — And David said to Solomon his son: 'Be strong and of good courage, a… · tree and pragmatics description: And David said to Solomon his son: 'Be strong and of good courage, and do it; fear not, nor be dismayed; for the LORD God, even my God, is with thee; He will not fail thee, nor forsake thee, until all the work for the service of the house of the LORD be finished. Who acts: David, LORD God, God. 1 Ch --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.995/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [1 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/) / [chapter 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH/28/) / [28:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.28.20/) / JPS 1 # 1 Chronicles 28:20 · JPS 1917 And David said to Solomon his son: 'Be strong and of good courage, and do it; fear not, nor be dismayed; for the LORD God, even my God, is with thee; He will not fail thee, nor forsake thee, until all the work for the service of the house of the LORD be finished. **Who acts:** David, LORD God, God · **What happens:** say, be, do, not fear, dismay, not fail · **To what, where:** Solomon, courage, thee, work, house · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 1 Chronicles 28:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (David, LORD God, God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:1CH:995 # text = And David said to Solomon his son: 'Be strong and of good courage, and do it; fear not, nor be dismayed; for the LORD God, even my God, is with thee; He will not fail thee, nor forsake thee, until all the work for the service of the house of the LORD be finished. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 David David PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 to to ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Solomon Solomon PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 6 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 appos _ _ 8 : : PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 9 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ _ 10 Be be AUX VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 11 cop _ _ 11 strong strong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 ccomp _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 courage courage NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 18 do do VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 19 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT : _ 21 punct _ _ 21 fear fear VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 22 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 21 advmod _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 24 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 26 cc _ _ 25 be be AUX VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 26 aux:pass _ _ 26 dismayed dismay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 21 conj _ _ 27 ; ; PUNCT : _ 39 punct _ _ 28 for for SCONJ IN _ 39 mark _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 30 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 compound _ _ 31 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 39 nsubj _ _ 32 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 33 even even ADV RB _ 35 advmod _ _ 34 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ _ 35 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 appos _ _ 36 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 37 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 39 cop _ _ 38 with with ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 21 conj _ _ 40 ; ; PUNCT : _ 44 punct _ _ 41 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 nsubj _ _ 42 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 44 aux _ _ 43 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 44 advmod _ _ 44 fail fail VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 39 conj _ _ 45 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 44 obj _ _ 46 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 47 nor nor CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 48 cc _ _ 48 forsake forsake VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 44 conj _ _ 49 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 48 obj _ _ 50 , , PUNCT , _ 65 punct _ _ 51 until until SCONJ IN _ 65 mark _ _ 52 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 54 det:predet _ _ 53 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 54 det _ _ 54 work work NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 nsubj:pass _ _ 55 for for ADP IN _ 57 case _ _ 56 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 57 det _ _ 57 service service NOUN NN Number=Sing 54 nmod _ _ 58 of of ADP IN _ 60 case _ _ 59 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 60 det _ _ 60 house house NOUN NN Number=Sing 57 nmod _ _ 61 of of ADP IN _ 63 case _ _ 62 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 63 det _ _ 63 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 60 nmod _ _ 64 be be AUX VB Mood=Sub|VerbForm=Fin 65 aux:pass _ _ 65 finished finish VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 44 advcl _ _ 66 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: suggest - voice: character - polarity: pos - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | David | | Solomon | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to solomon=Recipient | | 2 | **is** | infinitive | | | | | | strong *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **do** | infinitive | | courage | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality | | 4 | **not** **fear** | infinitive | | | | | | | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 5 | **dismay** | infinitive · passive | | | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle» | | 6 | **is** | present | the LORD God | | | | | with thee | tree rules | | 7 | **not** **fail** | future | God | thee | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thou=Eventuality | | 8 | **forsake** | infinitive | God *not said here* | thee | | | | | tree rules | | 9 | **finish** | infinitive · passive | | all work for the service of the house of the LORD | | | | | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality | | 10 | **service** | | | the house of the LORD | | | | | nom service «act transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜יד לִשְׁלֹמֹ֣ה בְנ֗וֹ חֲזַ֤ק וֶאֱמַץ֙ וַעֲשֵׂ֔ה אַל־תִּירָ֖א וְאַל־תֵּחָ֑ת כִּי֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהִ֤ים אֱלֹהַי֙ עִמָּ֔ךְ לֹ֤א יַרְפְּךָ֙ וְלֹ֣א יַֽעַזְבֶ֔ךָּ עַד־לִכְל֕וֹת כָּל־מְלֶ֖אכֶת עֲבוֹדַ֥ת בֵּית־יְהוָֽה׃ [1 Chronicles 28:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.28.20/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:1CH:995` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [1 Chronicles 28:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.994/) - next →: [1 Chronicles 28:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/1CH.996/) - ↑ back to [1 Chronicles 28:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/1CH.28.20/)