---
title: 2 Chronicles 14:13 (JPS 1917) — And they smote all the cities round about Gerar; for a terror from t… · tree and pragmatics
description: And they smote all the cities round about Gerar; for a terror from the LORD came upon them; and they spoiled all the cities; for there was much spoil in them. Who acts: people, terror, much spoil. 2 Chronicles 14:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Chronicles 14:13 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And they smote all the cities round about Gerar; for a terror from the LORD came upon them; and they spoiled all the cities; for there was much spoil in them.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** people, terror, much spoil · **What happens:** smite, come, spoil, be · **To what, where:** cities

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Chronicles 14:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, terror, much spoil), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2CH:312
# text = And they smote all the cities round about Gerar; for a terror from the LORD came upon them; and they spoiled all the cities; for there was much spoil in them.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	smote	smite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	6	det:predet	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	round	round	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	about	about	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Gerar	Gerar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
11	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	terror	terror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
18	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obl	_	_
20	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	spoiled	spoil	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
24	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	26	det:predet	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
27	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
28	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
29	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	30	expl	_	_
30	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	advcl	_	_
31	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	spoil	spoil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
33	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	obl	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smite** | past | people | all cities |  |  |  | about Gerar | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus city=Experiencer |
| 2 | **come** | past | a terror from the LORD |  |  |  |  | upon people | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon they=Location |
| 3 | **spoil** | past | people | all cities |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **be** | past | much spoil |  |  | there |  | in people | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in they=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיַּכּ֗וּ אֵ֤ת כָּל־הֶֽעָרִים֙ סְבִיב֣וֹת גְּרָ֔ר כִּי־הָיָ֥ה פַֽחַד־יְהוָ֖ה עֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וַיָּבֹ֙זּוּ֙ אֶת־כָּל־הֶ֣עָרִ֔ים כִּֽי־בִזָּ֥ה רַבָּ֖ה הָיְתָ֥ה בָהֶֽם׃

[2 Chronicles 14:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.14.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2CH:312` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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