---
title: 2 Chronicles 18:30 (JPS 1917) — Now the king of Aram had commanded the captains of his chariots, say… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now the king of Aram had commanded the captains of his chariots, saying: 'Fight neither with small nor great, save only with the king of Israel.' Who acts: king. 2 Chronicles 18:30 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Chronicles 18:30 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now the king of Aram had commanded the captains of his chariots, saying: 'Fight neither with small nor great, save only with the king of Israel.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** king · **What happens:** command, say, fight, save · **To what, where:** captains · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Chronicles 18:30 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2CH:401
# text = Now the king of Aram had commanded the captains of his chariots, saying: 'Fight neither with small nor great, save only with the king of Israel.'
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Aram	Aram	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	commanded	command	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	captains	captain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	chariots	chariot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
16	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	_
17	Fight	fight	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	ccomp	_	_
18	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	20	cc:preconj	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	obl	_	_
21	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	22	cc	_	_
22	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	conj	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	save	save	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	_
25	only	only	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
26	with	with	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
32	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=request

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **command** | past · perfect | the king of Aram | the captains of king's chariots |  |  | now |  | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent captain=Eventuality |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the king of Aram *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **fight** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with small | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with small=Co-Agent |
| 4 | **save** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with the king of Israel | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּמֶ֣לֶךְ אֲרָ֡ם צִוָּה֩ אֶת־שָׂרֵ֨י הָרֶ֤כֶב אֲשֶׁר־לוֹ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹ֚א תִּלָּ֣חֲמ֔וּ אֶת־הַקָּטֹ֖ן אֶת־הַגָּד֑וֹל כִּ֛י אִֽם־אֶת־מֶ֥לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְבַדּֽוֹ׃

[2 Chronicles 18:30: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.18.30/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2CH:401` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [2 Chronicles 18:29 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.400/)
- next →: [2 Chronicles 18:31 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.402/)
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