--- title: 2 Chronicles 20:12 (JPS 1917) — O our God, wilt Thou not execute judgment on them? for we have no mi… · tree and pragmatics description: O our God, wilt Thou not execute judgment on them? for we have no might against this great multitude that cometh against us; neither know we what to do; but our eyes are upon Thee.' Who acts: Thou, we, great multitude, eyes. 2 Chronicles 20:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.430/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/20/) / [20:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.12/) / JPS 1 # 2 Chronicles 20:12 · JPS 1917 O our God, wilt Thou not execute judgment on them? for we have no might against this great multitude that cometh against us; neither know we what to do; but our eyes are upon Thee.' **Who acts:** Thou, we, great multitude, eyes · **What happens:** not execute, have, come, know, do, be · **To what, where:** judgment, might · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 2 Chronicles 20:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Thou, we, great multitude, eyes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2CH:430 # text = O our God, wilt Thou not execute judgment on them? for we have no might against this great multitude that cometh against us; neither know we what to do; but our eyes are upon Thee.' 1 O o INTJ UH _ 3 discourse _ _ 2 our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ _ 3 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 vocative _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 5 wilt will AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux _ _ 6 Thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 8 nsubj _ _ 7 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 8 advmod _ _ 8 execute execute VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 9 judgment judgment NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 10 on on ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obl _ _ 12 ? ? PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ 13 for for SCONJ IN _ 15 mark _ _ 14 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 15 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 advcl _ _ 16 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 17 det _ _ 17 might might NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 18 against against ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 19 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 21 det _ _ 20 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 amod _ _ 21 multitude multitude NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 22 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 23 nsubj _ _ 23 cometh come VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 acl:relcl _ _ 24 against against ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 obl _ _ 26 ; ; PUNCT : _ 28 punct _ _ 27 neither neither CCONJ CC Polarity=Neg 28 cc _ _ 28 know know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 29 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 30 what what PRON WP PronType=Int 32 obj _ _ 31 to to PART TO _ 32 mark _ _ 32 do do VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 28 ccomp _ _ 33 ; ; PUNCT : _ 39 punct _ _ 34 but but CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 35 our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 36 nmod:poss _ _ 36 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 nsubj _ _ 37 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 39 cop _ _ 38 upon upon ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 Thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 15 conj _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ 41 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 39 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: evaluate - voice: character - polarity: neg - indirect: yes - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **execute** | future | Thou | judgment | | | | on evil; our God *vocative* | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent judgment=Patient | | 2 | **have** | present | we | no might | | | | against this great multitude | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent might=Patient | | 3 | **come** | present | this great multitude | | | | | against us | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against we=Location | | 4 | **know** | present | we | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 5 | **do** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | | 6 | **is** | present | our eyes | | | | | upon Thee | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} אֱלֹהֵ֙ינוּ֙ הֲלֹ֣א תִשְׁפָּט־בָּ֔ם כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין בָּ֙נוּ֙ כֹּ֔חַ לִ֠פְנֵי הֶהָמ֥וֹן הָרָ֛ב הַזֶּ֖ה הַבָּ֣א עָלֵ֑ינוּ וַאֲנַ֗חְנוּ לֹ֤א נֵדַע֙ מַֽה־נַּעֲשֶׂ֔ה כִּ֥י עָלֶ֖יךָ עֵינֵֽינוּ׃ [2 Chronicles 20:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.12/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2CH:430` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 20:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.429/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 20:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.431/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 20:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.12/)