---
title: 2 Chronicles 20:22 (JPS 1917) — And when they began to sing and to praise, the LORD set liers-in-wai… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when they began to sing and to praise, the LORD set liers-in-wait against the children of Ammon, Moab, and mount Seir, that were come against Judah; and they were smitten. Who acts: people, LORD. 2 Chronicles 20:22 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# 2 Chronicles 20:22 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And when they began to sing and to praise, the LORD set liers-in-wait against the children of Ammon, Moab, and mount Seir, that were come against Judah; and they were smitten.

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**Who acts:** people, LORD · **What happens:** begin, sing, praise, set, come, smite · **To what, where:** liers, wait, children, people

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Chronicles 20:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, LORD), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2CH:440
# text = And when they began to sing and to praise, the LORD set liers-in-wait against the children of Ammon, Moab, and mount Seir, that were come against Judah; and they were smitten.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	sing	sing	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	praise	praise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	set	set	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	liers	lier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	_
18	wait	wait	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
19	against	against	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Ammon	Ammon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	Moab	Moab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	mount	mount	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
29	Seir	Seir	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	flat	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	33	nsubj	_	_
32	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux:pass	_	_
33	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	21	acl:relcl	_	_
34	against	against	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
36	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
38	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj:pass	_	_
39	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	40	aux:pass	_	_
40	smitten	smite	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	conj	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **sing** *speech: express* | to-infinitive | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **praise** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **set** | past | the LORD | liers |  | wait |  | against the children of Ammon and Moab and mount | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent lier=Theme against child=Destination |
| 5 | **come** | past · passive |  | the children of Ammon and Moab and mount |  |  |  | against Judah | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 6 | **smite** | past · passive |  | people |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּבְעֵת֩ הֵחֵ֨לּוּ בְרִנָּ֜ה וּתְהִלָּ֗ה נָתַ֣ן יְהוָ֣ה ׀ מְ֠אָֽרְבִים עַל־בְּנֵ֨י עַמּ֜וֹן מוֹאָ֧ב וְהַר־שֵׂעִ֛יר הַבָּאִ֥ים לִֽיהוּדָ֖ה וַיִּנָּגֵֽפוּ׃

[2 Chronicles 20:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.22/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2CH:440` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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