---
title: 2 Chronicles 20:24 (JPS 1917) — And when Judah came to the watch-tower of the wilderness, they looke… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when Judah came to the watch-tower of the wilderness, they looked upon the multitude; and, behold, they were dead bodies fallen to the earth, and there were none that escaped. Who acts: Judah, children, dead bodies, none. 2 Chronicles 20:24 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics
---

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# 2 Chronicles 20:24 · JPS 1917

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And when Judah came to the watch-tower of the wilderness, they looked upon the multitude; and, behold, they were dead bodies fallen to the earth, and there were none that escaped.

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**Who acts:** Judah, children, dead bodies, none · **What happens:** come, look, be, fall, escape · **To what, where:** watch tower, dead bodies

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This is 2 Chronicles 20:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Judah, children, dead bodies, none), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2CH:442
# text = And when Judah came to the watch-tower of the wilderness, they looked upon the multitude; and, behold, they were dead bodies fallen to the earth, and there were none that escaped.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
3	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	watch	watch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	_
9	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	wilderness	wilderness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
16	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	multitude	multitude	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	28	discourse	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
24	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
25	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
26	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	bodies	body	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nsubj	_	_
28	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	_
29	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
34	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	35	expl	_	_
35	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
36	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	35	nsubj	_	_
37	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	38	nsubj	_	_
38	escaped	escape	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	acl:relcl	_	_
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Judah |  |  | the watch tower of the wilderness |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to tower=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **look** | past | children *= child* |  |  |  |  | upon the multitude | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent upon multitude=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** | past | children *= child* | dead bodies |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **fall** | participle | dead bodies |  |  |  |  | to the earth | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to earth=Theme |
| 5 | **be** | past | none |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **escape** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וִֽיהוּדָ֛ה בָּ֥א עַל־הַמִּצְפֶּ֖ה לַמִּדְבָּ֑ר וַיִּפְנוּ֙ אֶל־הֶ֣הָמ֔וֹן וְהִנָּ֧ם פְּגָרִ֛ים נֹפְלִ֥ים אַ֖רְצָה וְאֵ֥ין פְּלֵיטָֽה׃

[2 Chronicles 20:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.24/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2CH:442` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [2 Chronicles 20:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.441/)
- next →: [2 Chronicles 20:25 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.443/)
- ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 20:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.20.24/)