---
title: 2 Chronicles 21:12 (JPS 1917) — And there came a writing to him from Elijah the prophet, saying: 'Th… · tree and pragmatics
description: And there came a writing to him from Elijah the prophet, saying: 'Thus saith the LORD, the God of David thy father: Because thou hast not walked in the ways of Jehoshaphat thy father, nor in the ways of Asa king of Judah; Who acts: writing, LORD, thou. 2 Chronicles 21:12 in JPS 1917 with its depende
---

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# 2 Chronicles 21:12 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And there came a writing to him from Elijah the prophet, saying: 'Thus saith the LORD, the God of David thy father: Because thou hast not walked in the ways of Jehoshaphat thy father, nor in the ways of Asa king of Judah;

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**Who acts:** writing, LORD, thou · **What happens:** come, say, not walk · **To what, where:** Elijah, ways · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Chronicles 21:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (writing, LORD, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2CH:467
# text = And there came a writing to him from Elijah the prophet, saying: 'Thus saith the LORD, the God of David thy father: Because thou hast not walked in the ways of Jehoshaphat thy father, nor in the ways of Asa king of Judah;
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Elijah	Elijah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	prophet	prophet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
15	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	17	punct	_	_
16	Thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	saith	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	ccomp	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	appos	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	22	nmod:poss	_	_
26	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	_
27	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
28	Because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
29	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	32	nsubj	_	_
30	hast	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
31	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	32	advmod	_	_
32	walked	walk	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
33	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obl	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	Jehoshaphat	Jehoshaphat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	_
38	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	appos	_	_
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
41	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
42	in	in	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	conj	_	_
45	of	of	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
46	Asa	Asa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	47	compound	_	_
47	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	nmod	_	_
48	of	of	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
49	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	47	nmod	_	_
50	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | a writing to LORD |  |  | Elijah; there |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from elijah=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | a writing to LORD *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the LORD |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **not** **walk** | present · perfect | thou |  |  | the ways of Jehoshaphat nor the ways of Asa king of Judah |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in way=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּבֹ֤א אֵלָיו֙ מִכְתָּ֔ב מֵֽאֵלִיָּ֥הוּ הַנָּבִ֖יא לֵאמֹ֑ר כֹּ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה אֱלֹהֵי֙ דָּוִ֣יד אָבִ֔יךָ תַּ֗חַת אֲשֶׁ֤ר לֹֽא־הָלַ֙כְתָּ֙ בְּדַרְכֵי֙ יְהוֹשָׁפָ֣ט אָבִ֔יךָ וּבְדַרְכֵ֖י אָסָ֥א מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָֽה׃

[2 Chronicles 21:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.21.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2CH:467` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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