---
title: 2 Chronicles 28:18 (JPS 1917) — The Philistines also had invaded the cities of the Lowland, and of t… · tree and pragmatics
description: The Philistines also had invaded the cities of the Lowland, and of the South of Judah, and had taken Beth-shemesh, and Aijalon, and Gederoth, and Soco with the towns thereof, and Timnah with the towns thereof, Gimzo also and the towns thereof; and they dwelt there. Who acts: Philistines. 2 Chronicle
---

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# 2 Chronicles 28:18 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Philistines also had invaded the cities of the Lowland, and of the South of Judah, and had taken Beth-shemesh, and Aijalon, and Gederoth, and Soco with the towns thereof, and Timnah with the towns thereof, Gimzo also and the towns thereof; and they dwelt there.

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**Who acts:** Philistines · **What happens:** invade, take, dwell · **To what, where:** cities, Beth shemesh

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Chronicles 28:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Philistines), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2CH:630
# text = The Philistines also had invaded the cities of the Lowland, and of the South of Judah, and had taken Beth-shemesh, and Aijalon, and Gederoth, and Soco with the towns thereof, and Timnah with the towns thereof, Gimzo also and the towns thereof; and they dwelt there.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Philistines	Philistines	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	invaded	invade	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Lowland	Lowland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
22	Beth	Beth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
23	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	24	punct	_	_
24	shemesh	shemesh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	Aijalon	Aijalon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	Gederoth	Gederoth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	Soco	Soco	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
34	with	with	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	towns	town	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nmod	_	_
37	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	36	advmod	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
40	Timnah	Timnah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
41	with	with	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	towns	town	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	nmod	_	_
44	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	43	advmod	_	_
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
46	Gimzo	Gimzo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
47	also	also	ADV	RB	_	46	advmod	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	50	cc	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	50	det	_	_
50	towns	town	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	conj	_	_
51	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	50	advmod	_	_
52	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	55	punct	_	_
53	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	55	cc	_	_
54	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	55	nsubj	_	_
55	dwelt	dwell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
56	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	55	advmod	_	_
57	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **invade** | past · perfect | the Philistines | the cities of the Lowland and the South of Judah |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** | past · perfect | the Philistines *not said here* |  | Beth shemesh and Aijalon and Gederoth and Soco with the towns and Timnah with the towns and Gimzo and the towns |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument shemesh=Destination |
| 3 | **dwell** | past | Philistines |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֣ים פָּשְׁט֗וּ בְּעָרֵ֨י הַשְּׁפֵלָ֣ה וְהַנֶּגֶב֮ לִֽיהוּדָה֒ וַֽ֠יִּלְכְּדוּ אֶת־בֵּֽית־שֶׁ֨מֶשׁבֵּֽית־שֶׁ֨מֶשׁ וְאֶת־אַיָּל֜וֹן וְאֶת־הַגְּדֵר֗וֹת וְאֶת־שׂוֹכ֤וֹ וּבְנוֹתֶ֙יהָ֙ וְאֶת־תִּמְנָ֣ה וּבְנוֹתֶ֔יהָ וְאֶת־גִּמְז֖וֹ וְאֶת־בְּנֹתֶ֑יהָ וַיֵּשְׁב֖וּ שָֽׁם׃

[2 Chronicles 28:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.28.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2CH:630` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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