--- title: 2 Chronicles 28:23 (JPS 1917) — For he sacrificed unto the gods of Damascus, which smote him; and he… · tree and pragmatics description: For he sacrificed unto the gods of Damascus, which smote him; and he said: 'Because the gods of the kings of Aram helped them, therefore will I sacrifice to them, that they may help me.' But they were the ruin of him, and of all Israel. Who acts: Ahaz, gods, I, kings. 2 Chronicles 28:23 in JPS 1917 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.635/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [2 Chronicles](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/) / [chapter 28](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH/28/) / [28:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.28.23/) / JPS 1 # 2 Chronicles 28:23 · JPS 1917 For he sacrificed unto the gods of Damascus, which smote him; and he said: 'Because the gods of the kings of Aram helped them, therefore will I sacrifice to them, that they may help me.' But they were the ruin of him, and of all Israel. **Who acts:** Ahaz, gods, I, kings · **What happens:** sacrifice, smite, say, help, be · **To what, where:** Ahaz, kings, me, ruin · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is 2 Chronicles 28:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ahaz, gods, I, kings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:2CH:635 # text = For he sacrificed unto the gods of Damascus, which smote him; and he said: 'Because the gods of the kings of Aram helped them, therefore will I sacrifice to them, that they may help me.' But they were the ruin of him, and of all Israel. 1 For for SCONJ IN _ 3 mark _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 sacrificed sacrifice VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 unto unto ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 gods god NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 Damascus Damascus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 10 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 11 nsubj _ _ 11 smote smite VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 acl:relcl _ _ 12 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 15 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 16 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 17 : : PUNCT : _ 33 punct _ _ 18 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 33 punct _ _ 19 Because because SCONJ IN _ 27 mark _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 gods god NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 kings king NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nmod _ _ 25 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 26 Aram Aram PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 nmod _ _ 27 helped help VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 33 advcl _ _ 28 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obj _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 30 therefore therefore ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 31 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 32 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 33 sacrifice sacrifice VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 ccomp _ _ 34 to to ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 35 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 obl _ _ 36 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 37 that that SCONJ IN _ 40 mark _ _ 38 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 39 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 40 aux _ _ 40 help help VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 33 advcl _ _ 41 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 40 obj _ _ 42 . . PUNCT . _ 33 punct _ _ 43 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 33 punct _ _ 44 But but CCONJ CC _ 48 cc _ _ 45 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 48 nsubj _ _ 46 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 48 cop _ _ 47 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 48 ruin ruin NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 conj _ _ 49 of of ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 50 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 48 nmod _ _ 51 , , PUNCT , _ 55 punct _ _ 52 and and CCONJ CC _ 55 cc _ _ 53 of of ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 54 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 55 det _ _ 55 Israel Israel PROPN NNP Number=Sing 48 conj _ _ 56 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sacrifice** | past | Ahaz | | | | | unto the gods of Damascus | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **smite** | past | the gods of Damascus | Ahaz | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Ahaz | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **help** | past | the gods of the kings of Aram | kings *= king* | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary | | 5 | **sacrifice** | future | I | | kings *= king* | | | therefore *property* | vn contribute-13.2-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to they=Recipient | | 6 | **help** | may | kings *= king* | | me | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary | | 7 | **is a** | past | kings *= king* | the ruin and all Israel | | | | of Ahaz | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּזְבַּ֗ח לֵֽאלֹהֵ֣י דַרְמֶשֶׂק֮ הַמַּכִּ֣ים בּוֹ֒ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר כִּ֠י אֱלֹהֵ֤י מַלְכֵֽי־אֲרָם֙ הֵ֚ם מַעְזְרִ֣ים אוֹתָ֔ם לָהֶ֥ם אֲזַבֵּ֖חַ וְיַעְזְר֑וּנִי וְהֵ֛ם הָֽיוּ־ל֥וֹ לְהַכְשִׁיל֖וֹ וּלְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [2 Chronicles 28:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.28.23/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2CH:635` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [2 Chronicles 28:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.634/) - next →: [2 Chronicles 28:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.636/) - ↑ back to [2 Chronicles 28:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.28.23/)