---
title: 2 Chronicles 31:1 (JPS 1917) — Now when all this was finished, all Israel that were present went ou… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now when all this was finished, all Israel that were present went out to the cities of Judah, and broke in pieces the pillars, and hewed down the Asherim, and broke down the high places and the altars out of all Judah and Benjamin, in Ephraim also and Manasseh, until they had destroyed them all. Who
---

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# 2 Chronicles 31:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now when all this was finished, all Israel that were present went out to the cities of Judah, and broke in pieces the pillars, and hewed down the Asherim, and broke down the high places and the altars out of all Judah and Benjamin, in Ephraim also and Manasseh, until they had destroyed them all.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Israel, places · **What happens:** finish, be, go out, break, hew down, break down · **To what, where:** this, pillars, pieces, Asherim, high places, Judah

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Chronicles 31:1 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Israel, places), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2CH:710
# text = Now when all this was finished, all Israel that were present went out to the cities of Judah, and broke in pieces the pillars, and hewed down the Asherim, and broke down the high places and the altars out of all Judah and Benjamin, in Ephraim also and Manasseh, until they had destroyed them all.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	6	mark	_	_
3	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	4	det:predet	_	_
4	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	finished	finish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	advcl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	present	present	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	out	out	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	pieces	piece	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obl	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	pillars	pillar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	hewed	hew	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	conj	_	_
30	down	down	ADP	RP	_	29	compound:prt	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	Asherim	Asherim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
35	broke	break	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
36	down	down	ADP	RP	_	35	compound:prt	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
38	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	places	place	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	35	obj	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	altars	altar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	conj	_	_
43	out	out	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
44	of	of	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	46	det	_	_
46	Judah	Judah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
48	Benjamin	Benjamin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	46	conj	_	_
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
50	in	in	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
51	Ephraim	Ephraim	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	46	nmod	_	_
52	also	also	ADV	RB	_	51	advmod	_	_
53	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	54	cc	_	_
54	Manasseh	Manasseh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	51	conj	_	_
55	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
56	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	59	mark	_	_
57	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	59	nsubj	_	_
58	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	59	aux	_	_
59	destroyed	destroy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	35	advcl	_	_
60	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	59	obj	_	_
61	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	60	det	_	_
62	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **finish** | past · passive |  | this |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |
| 2 | **is** | past | all Israel |  |  |  |  | present *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **go out** | past | all Israel |  |  |  | now | to the cities of Judah; out *property* | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **break** | past | all Israel *not said here* | the pillars |  | pieces |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer pillar=Patient |
| 5 | **hew down** | past | all Israel *not said here* | the Asherim |  |  |  |  | vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent asherim=Patient |
| 6 | **break down** | past | all Israel *not said here* | the high places and the altars |  | all Judah in Ephraim and Manasseh and Benjamin |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent place=Patient |
| 7 | **destroy** | past · perfect | places *= place* | pillars *= pillar* |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּכְכַלּ֣וֹת כָּל־זֹ֗את יָצְא֨וּ כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֥להַֽנִּמְצְאִים֮ לְעָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָה֒ וַיְשַׁבְּר֣וּ הַמַּצֵּב֣וֹת וַיְגַדְּע֣וּ הָאֲשֵׁרִ֡ים וַיְנַתְּצ֣וּ אֶת־הַ֠בָּמוֹת וְאֶת־הַֽמִּזְבְּחֹ֞ת מִכָּל־יְהוּדָ֧ה וּבִנְיָמִ֛ן וּבְאֶפְרַ֥יִם וּמְנַשֶּׁ֖ה עַד־לְכַלֵּ֑ה וַיָּשׁ֜וּבוּ כָּל־בְּנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל אִ֥ישׁ לַאֲחֻזָּת֖וֹ לְעָרֵיהֶֽם׃ס

[2 Chronicles 31:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.31.1/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. **Now when all this was finished, all Israel that were present went out to the cities of Judah, and broke in pieces the pillars, and hewed down the Asherim, and broke down the high places and the altars out of all Judah and Benjamin, in Ephraim also and Manasseh, until they had destroyed them all.**
2. [Then all the children of Israel returned, every man to his possession, into their own cities.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/2CH.711/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2CH:710` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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