---
title: 2 Chronicles 32:5 (JPS 1917) — And he took courage, and built up all the wall that was broken down,… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he took courage, and built up all the wall that was broken down, and raised it up to the towers, and another wall without, and strengthened Millo in the city of David, and made weapons and shields in abundance. Who acts: king. 2 Chronicles 32:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# 2 Chronicles 32:5 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he took courage, and built up all the wall that was broken down, and raised it up to the towers, and another wall without, and strengthened Millo in the city of David, and made weapons and shields in abundance.

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**Who acts:** king · **What happens:** take, build up, break down, raise up, strengthen, make · **To what, where:** courage, wall, towers, Millo, city, weapons

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Chronicles 32:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2CH:736
# text = And he took courage, and built up all the wall that was broken down, and raised it up to the towers, and another wall without, and strengthened Millo in the city of David, and made weapons and shields in abundance.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	courage	courage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	built	build	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	11	det:predet	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	down	down	ADP	RP	_	14	compound:prt	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	raised	raise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	up	up	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
21	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	towers	tower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	27	det	_	_
27	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
28	without	without	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	strengthened	strengthen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
32	Millo	Millo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	_
33	in	in	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
40	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	conj	_	_
41	weapons	weapon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	obj	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
43	shields	shield	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	41	conj	_	_
44	in	in	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	abundance	abundance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obl	_	_
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | king | courage |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent courage=Theme |
| 2 | **build up** | past | king *not said here* | all wall |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer wall=Patient |
| 3 | **break down** | past · passive |  | all wall |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **raise up** | past | king *not said here* | wall |  | the towers |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme to tower=Destination |
| 5 | **strengthen** | past | king *not said here* | Millo |  | the city of David |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent millo=Patient |
| 6 | **make** | past | king *not said here* | weapons and shields |  | abundance |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset weapon=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּתְחַזַּ֡ק וַיִּבֶן֩ אֶת־כָּל־הַחוֹמָ֨ה הַפְּרוּצָ֜ה וַיַּ֣עַל עַל־הַמִּגְדָּל֗וֹת וְלַח֙וּצָה֙ הַחוֹמָ֣ה אַחֶ֔רֶת וַיְחַזֵּ֥ק אֶת־הַמִּלּ֖וֹא עִ֣יר דָּוִ֑יד וַיַּ֥עַשׂ שֶׁ֛לַח לָרֹ֖ב וּמָגִנִּֽים׃

[2 Chronicles 32:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.32.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2CH:736` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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