---
title: 2 Chronicles 35:25 (JPS 1917) — And Jeremiah lamented for Josiah; and all the singing men and singin… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Jeremiah lamented for Josiah; and all the singing men and singing women spoke of Josiah in their lamentations, unto this day; and they made them an ordinance in Israel; and, behold, they are written in the lamentations. Who acts: Jeremiah, singing men, men. 2 Chronicles 35:25 in JPS 1917 with it
---

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# 2 Chronicles 35:25 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Jeremiah lamented for Josiah; and all the singing men and singing women spoke of Josiah in their lamentations, unto this day; and they made them an ordinance in Israel; and, behold, they are written in the lamentations.

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**Who acts:** Jeremiah, singing men, men · **What happens:** lament, speak, make, write · **To what, where:** lamentations, ordinance, Israel, men · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is 2 Chronicles 35:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jeremiah, singing men, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:2CH:859
# text = And Jeremiah lamented for Josiah; and all the singing men and singing women spoke of Josiah in their lamentations, unto this day; and they made them an ordinance in Israel; and, behold, they are written in the lamentations.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Jeremiah	Jeremiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lamented	lament	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Josiah	Josiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
8	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	11	det:predet	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	singing	sing	ADJ	VBG	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	singing	sing	ADJ	VBG	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
15	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Josiah	Josiah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	lamentations	lamentation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	24	det	_	_
24	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl:unmarked	_	_
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
29	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	iobj	_	_
30	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	ordinance	ordinance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obj	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
34	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	41	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
37	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	41	discourse	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
39	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	nsubj:pass	_	_
40	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	41	aux:pass	_	_
41	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
42	in	in	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	lamentations	lamentation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	41	obl	_	_
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lament** | past | Jeremiah |  |  |  |  | for Josiah | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for josiah=Attribute |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | all singing men and singing women |  |  | men's lamentations | day | of Josiah | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **make** | past | men *= man* | a ordinance | lamentations *= lamentation* | Israel |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset they=Beneficiary ordinance=Product |
| 4 | **write** | present · passive |  | men *= man* |  | the lamentations |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in lamentation=Destination |
| 5 | **lament** |  | men *= man* |  |  |  |  |  | nom lamentation «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְקוֹנֵ֣ן יִרְמְיָהוּ֮ עַל־יֹאשִׁיָּהוּ֒ וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ כָֽל־הַשָּׁרִ֣ים ׀ וְ֠הַשָּׁרוֹת בְּקִינ֨וֹתֵיהֶ֤ם עַל־יֹאשִׁיָּ֙הוּ֙ עַד־הַיּ֔וֹם וַיִּתְּנ֥וּם לְחֹ֖ק עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְהִנָּ֥ם כְּתוּבִ֖ים עַל־הַקִּינֽוֹת׃

[2 Chronicles 35:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/2CH.35.25/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:2CH:859` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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