---
title: Daniel 4:2 (JPS 1917) — I saw a dream which made me afraid; and imaginings upon my bed and t… · tree and pragmatics
description: I saw a dream which made me afraid; and imaginings upon my bed and the visions of my head affrighted me. Who acts: I, dream, imaginings. Daniel 4:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Daniel 4:2 · JPS 1917

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I saw a dream which made me afraid; and imaginings upon my bed and the visions of my head affrighted me.

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**Who acts:** I, dream, imaginings · **What happens:** see, make, affright · **To what, where:** dream, me

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This is Daniel 4:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, dream, imaginings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DAN:110
# text = I saw a dream which made me afraid; and imaginings upon my bed and the visions of my head affrighted me.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	dream	dream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	afraid	afraid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
11	imaginings	imagining	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
12	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	visions	vision	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	affrighted	affright	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
22	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	obj	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed voice=character

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | I | a dream |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dream=Stimulus |
| 2 | **make** | past | a dream | me |  |  |  | afraid *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset i=Product |
| 3 | **affright** | past | imaginings upon my bed and the visions of my head | me |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Aramaic of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=arc -->
חֵ֥לֶם חֲזֵ֖ית וִֽידַחֲלִנַּ֑נִי וְהַרְהֹרִין֙ עַֽל־מִשְׁכְּבִ֔י וְחֶזְוֵ֥י רֵאשִׁ֖י יְבַהֲלֻנַּֽנִי׃

[Daniel 4:2: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DAN:110` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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