--- title: Daniel 4:22 (JPS 1917) — that thou shalt be driven from men, and thy dwelling shall be with t… · tree and pragmatics description: that thou shalt be driven from men, and thy dwelling shall be with the beasts of the field, and thou shalt be made to eat grass as oxen, and shalt be wet with the dew of heaven, and seven times shall pass over thee; till thou know that the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to who --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.131/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/4/) / [4:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.22/) / JPS 1 # Daniel 4:22 · JPS 1917 that thou shalt be driven from men, and thy dwelling shall be with the beasts of the field, and thou shalt be made to eat grass as oxen, and shalt be wet with the dew of heaven, and seven times shall pass over thee; till thou know that the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever He will. **Who acts:** dwelling, thou, seven times, Most High · **What happens:** drive, be, make, eat, wet, pass · **To what, where:** thou, grass, thee, kingdom, High, whomsoever · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Daniel 4:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dwelling, thou, seven times, Most High), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:DAN:131 # text = that thou shalt be driven from men, and thy dwelling shall be with the beasts of the field, and thou shalt be made to eat grass as oxen, and shalt be wet with the dew of heaven, and seven times shall pass over thee; till thou know that the Most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever He will. 1 that that SCONJ IN _ 5 mark _ _ 2 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 4 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 5 aux:pass _ _ 5 driven drive VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 6 from from ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obl _ _ 8 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 10 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 11 nmod:poss _ _ 11 dwelling dwelling NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 12 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 13 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 16 cop _ _ 14 with with ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 beasts beast NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ _ 17 of of ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 field field NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nmod _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 22 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 25 nsubj:pass _ _ 23 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 25 aux _ _ 24 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 25 aux:pass _ _ 25 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 conj _ _ 26 to to PART TO _ 27 mark _ _ 27 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 xcomp _ _ 28 grass grass NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 29 as as ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 oxen ox NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 obl _ _ 31 , , PUNCT , _ 35 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 35 cc _ _ 33 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 35 aux _ _ 34 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 35 aux:pass _ _ 35 wet wet VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 25 conj _ _ 36 with with ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 dew dew NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 39 of of ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 40 heaven heaven NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 nmod _ _ 41 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 42 and and CCONJ CC _ 46 cc _ _ 43 seven seven NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 44 nummod _ _ 44 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 46 nsubj _ _ 45 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 46 aux _ _ 46 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 conj _ _ 47 over over ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 48 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 46 obl _ _ 49 ; ; PUNCT : _ 52 punct _ _ 50 till till SCONJ IN _ 52 mark _ _ 51 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 52 nsubj _ _ 52 know know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 46 advcl _ _ 53 that that SCONJ IN _ 57 mark _ _ 54 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 56 det _ _ 55 Most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 56 amod _ _ 56 High high PROPN NNP Number=Sing 57 nsubj _ _ 57 ruleth rule VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 52 ccomp _ _ 58 in in ADP IN _ 60 case _ _ 59 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 60 det _ _ 60 kingdom kingdom NOUN NN Number=Sing 57 obl _ _ 61 of of ADP IN _ 62 case _ _ 62 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 60 nmod _ _ 63 , , PUNCT , _ 65 punct _ _ 64 and and CCONJ CC _ 65 cc _ _ 65 giveth give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 57 conj _ _ 66 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 65 obj _ _ 67 to to ADP IN _ 68 case _ _ 68 whomsoever whomsoever PRON WP PronType=Rel 65 obl _ _ 69 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 70 nsubj _ _ 70 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 68 acl:relcl _ _ 71 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=assert, voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **drive** | shall · passive | | thou | | | | from men | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme from man=Trajectory | | 2 | **is** | shall | thy dwelling | | | | | with the beasts; of the field | tree rules | | 3 | **make** | shall · passive | | thou | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **eat** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* | grass | | | | as oxen | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grass=Patient | | 5 | **wet** | shall · passive | | | | | | with the dew of heaven | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: with dew=Instrument | | 6 | **pass** | shall | seven times | | | thee | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over thou=Location | | 7 | **know** | present | thou | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 8 | **rule** | present | the Most High | | | the kingdom of men | | | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 9 | **give** | present | the Most High *not said here* | High | whomsoever | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme to whomsoever=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Aramaic of this verse {#hebrew} וְלָ֣ךְ טָֽרְדִ֣ין מִן־אֲנָשָׁ֡א וְעִם־חֵיוַ֣ת בָּרָא֩ לֶהֱוֵ֨ה מְדֹרָ֜ךְ וְעִשְׂבָּ֥א כְתוֹרִ֣ין ׀ לָ֣ךְ יְטַֽעֲמ֗וּן וּמִטַּ֤ל שְׁמַיָּא֙ לָ֣ךְ מְצַבְּעִ֔ין וְשִׁבְעָ֥ה עִדָּנִ֖ין יַחְלְפ֣וּן עֲלָ֑יךְעַ֣ד דִּֽי־תִנְדַּ֗ע דִּֽי־שַׁלִּ֤יט עִלָּיָא֙בְּמַלְכ֣וּת אֲנָשָׁ֔א וּלְמַן־דִּ֥י יִצְבֵּ֖א יִתְּנִנַּֽהּ׃ [Daniel 4:22: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.22/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DAN:131` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Daniel 4:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.130/) - next →: [Daniel 4:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.132/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 4:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.22/)