--- title: Daniel 4:23 (JPS 1917) — And whereas it was commanded to leave the stump of the roots of the… · tree and pragmatics description: And whereas it was commanded to leave the stump of the roots of the tree, thy kingdom shall be sure unto thee, after that thou shalt have known that the heavens do rule. Who acts: kingdom, thou, heavens. Daniel 4:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.132/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/4/) / [4:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.23/) / JPS 1 # Daniel 4:23 · JPS 1917 And whereas it was commanded to leave the stump of the roots of the tree, thy kingdom shall be sure unto thee, after that thou shalt have known that the heavens do rule. **Who acts:** kingdom, thou, heavens · **What happens:** command, leave, be, know, rule · **To what, where:** dwelling, stump · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Daniel 4:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kingdom, thou, heavens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:DAN:132 # text = And whereas it was commanded to leave the stump of the roots of the tree, thy kingdom shall be sure unto thee, after that thou shalt have known that the heavens do rule. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 2 whereas whereas SCONJ IN _ 5 mark _ _ 3 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 5 commanded command VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 21 advcl _ _ 6 to to PART TO _ 7 mark _ _ 7 leave leave VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 xcomp _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 stump stump NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 roots root NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nmod _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 17 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 18 nmod:poss _ _ 18 kingdom kingdom NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 19 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 20 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 21 cop _ _ 21 sure sure ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 22 unto unto ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 21 obl _ _ 24 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 25 after after ADP IN _ 26 fixed _ _ 26 that that SCONJ IN _ 30 mark _ _ 27 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 30 nsubj _ _ 28 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 29 have have AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 30 aux _ _ 30 known know VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 21 advcl _ _ 31 that that SCONJ IN _ 35 mark _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 heavens heaven NOUN NNS Number=Plur 35 nsubj _ _ 34 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 aux _ _ 35 rule rule VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 ccomp _ _ 36 . . PUNCT . _ 21 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: pos - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **command** | past · passive | | dwelling | | | | | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic | | 2 | **leave** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | | the stump of the roots of the tree | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stump=Theme | | 3 | **is** | shall | thy kingdom | | | | | unto thee; sure *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **know** | shall · perfect | thou | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 5 | **rule** | present · do-support | the heavens | | | | | | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Aramaic of this verse {#hebrew} וְדִ֣י אֲמַ֗רוּ לְמִשְׁבַּ֞ק עִקַּ֤ר שָׁרְשׁ֙וֹהִי֙ דִּ֣י אִֽילָנָ֔א מַלְכוּתָ֖ךְ לָ֣ךְ קַיָּמָ֑ה מִן־דִּ֣י תִנְדַּ֔ע דִּ֥י שַׁלִּטִ֖ן שְׁמַיָּֽא׃ [Daniel 4:23: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.23/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DAN:132` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Daniel 4:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.131/) - next →: [Daniel 4:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.133/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 4:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.23/)