---
title: Daniel 1:15 (JPS 1917) — And at the end of ten days their countenances appeared fairer, and t… · tree and pragmatics
description: And at the end of ten days their countenances appeared fairer, and they were fatter in flesh, than all the youths that did eat of the king's food. Who acts: countenances, youths. Daniel 1:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Daniel 1:15 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And at the end of ten days their countenances appeared fairer, and they were fatter in flesh, than all the youths that did eat of the king's food.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** countenances, youths · **What happens:** appear, be, eat · **To what, where:** end, flesh

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This is Daniel 1:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (countenances, youths), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DAN:14
# text = And at the end of ten days their countenances appeared fairer, and they were fatter in flesh, than all the youths that did eat of the king's food.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	countenances	countenance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	fairer	fair	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	10	xcomp	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	fatter	fat	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	10	conj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	flesh	flesh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	than	than	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	23	det:predet	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	youths	youth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	_
24	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
25	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	acl:relcl	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod:poss	_	_
30	's	's	PART	POS	_	29	case	_	_
31	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: changed polarity=pos

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | past | servants's countenances |  |  |  | at the end of ten days | fair *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at end=Location |
| 2 | **is** | past | countenances *= countenance* |  |  | flesh |  | than all youths; fat *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **eat** | past · do-support | all youths |  |  |  |  | of the king's food | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent of food=Source |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּמִקְצָת֙ יָמִ֣ים עֲשָׂרָ֔ה נִרְאָ֤ה מַרְאֵיהֶם֙ ט֔וֹב וּבְרִיאֵ֖י בָּשָׂ֑ר מִן־כָּל־הַיְלָדִ֔ים הָאֹ֣כְלִ֔ים אֵ֖ת פַּתְבַּ֥ג הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃

[Daniel 1:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.1.15/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DAN:14` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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