---
title: Daniel 4:32 (JPS 1917) — And all the inhabitants of the earth are reputed as nothing; and He… · tree and pragmatics
description: And all the inhabitants of the earth are reputed as nothing; and He doeth according to His will in the host of heaven, and among the inhabitants of the earth; and none can stay His hand, or say unto Him: What doest Thou? Who acts: understanding, none, Thou. Daniel 4:32 in JPS 1917 with its dependenc
---

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# Daniel 4:32 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And all the inhabitants of the earth are reputed as nothing; and He doeth according to His will in the host of heaven, and among the inhabitants of the earth; and none can stay His hand, or say unto Him: What doest Thou?

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**Who acts:** understanding, none, Thou · **What happens:** repute, do, stay, say, will · **To what, where:** inhabitants, host, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Daniel 4:32 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (understanding, none, Thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DAN:141
# text = And all the inhabitants of the earth are reputed as nothing; and He doeth according to His will in the host of heaven, and among the inhabitants of the earth; and none can stay His hand, or say unto Him: What doest Thou?
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
2	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	4	det:predet	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	reputed	repute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	9	obl	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
15	doeth	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
16	according	accord	ADP	VBG	ExtPos=ADP	19	case	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	fixed	_	_
18	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	will	will	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
27	among	among	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	conj	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
33	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	37	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
35	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	37	nsubj	_	_
36	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
37	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
38	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obj	_	_
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
41	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
42	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	37	conj	_	_
43	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	Him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	42	obl	_	_
45	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	47	punct	_	_
46	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	47	obj	_	_
47	doest	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	42	parataxis	_	_
48	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	47	nsubj	_	_
49	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	47	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repute** | present · passive |  | all inhabitants of the earth |  |  |  | as nothing | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 2 | **do** | present | understanding |  |  | the host of heaven and the inhabitants of the earth |  | accord understanding's will | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **stay** | can | none | understanding's hand |  |  |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme hand=Location |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | infinitive | none *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto understanding | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **do** | present | Thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |
| 6 | **will** |  | understanding |  |  |  |  |  | nom will «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Aramaic of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=arc -->
וְכָל־דָּיְרֵ֤י אַרְעָא֙ כְּלָ֣ה חֲשִׁיבִ֔ין וּֽכְמִצְבְּיֵ֗הּ עָבֵד֙ בְּחֵ֣יל שְׁמַיָּ֔א וְדָיְרֵ֖י אַרְעָ֑א וְלָ֤א אִיתַי֙ דִּֽי־יְמַחֵ֣א בִידֵ֔הּ וְיֵ֥אמַר לֵ֖הּ מָ֥ה עֲבַֽדְתְּ׃

[Daniel 4:32: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.4.32/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DAN:141` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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