---
title: Daniel 6:9 (JPS 1917) — Now, O king, establish the interdict, and sign the writing, that it… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now, O king, establish the interdict, and sign the writing, that it be not changed, according to the law of the Medes and Persians, which altereth not.' Who acts: you, law. Daniel 6:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Daniel 6:9 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Now, O king, establish the interdict, and sign the writing, that it be not changed, according to the law of the Medes and Persians, which altereth not.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, law · **What happens:** establish, sign, not change, accord, not alter · **To what, where:** interdict, writing

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Daniel 6:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, law), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DAN:185
# text = Now, O king, establish the interdict, and sign the writing, that it be not changed, according to the law of the Medes and Persians, which altereth not.'
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
4	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	vocative	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	establish	establish	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	interdict	interdict	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	sign	sign	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	aux:pass	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	advcl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	24	case	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	fixed	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	Medes	mede	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	Persians	Persian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	27	conj	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	32	nsubj	_	_
32	altereth	alter	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	acl:relcl	_	_
33	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	32	advmod	_	_
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
35	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: request
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=request

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **establish** | imperative | you *not said here* | the interdict |  |  | now | king *vocative* | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent interdict=Patient |
| 2 | **sign** | infinitive | you *not said here* | the writing |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent writing=Destination |
| 3 | **not** **change** | infinitive · passive |  | interdict |  |  |  | accord the law of the Medes and Persians | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **not** **alter** | present | the law of the Medes and Persians |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Aramaic of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=arc -->
כְּעַ֣ן מַלְכָּ֔א תְּקִ֥ים אֱסָרָ֖א וְתִרְשֻׁ֣ם כְּתָבָ֑א דִּ֣י לָ֧א לְהַשְׁנָיָ֛ה כְּדָת־מָדַ֥י וּפָרַ֖ס דִּי־לָ֥א תֶעְדֵּֽא׃

[Daniel 6:9: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DAN:185` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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