---
title: Daniel 6:18 (JPS 1917) — And a stone was brought, and laid upon the mouth of the den; and the… · tree and pragmatics
description: And a stone was brought, and laid upon the mouth of the den; and the king sealed it with his own signet, and with the signet of his lords; that nothing might be changed concerning Daniel. Who acts: king. Daniel 6:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.195/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/6/) / [6:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.18/) / JPS 1

# Daniel 6:18 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And a stone was brought, and laid upon the mouth of the den; and the king sealed it with his own signet, and with the signet of his lords; that nothing might be changed concerning Daniel.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** king · **What happens:** bring, lay, seal, change · **To what, where:** stone, mouth, nothing

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Daniel 6:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DAN:195
# text = And a stone was brought, and laid upon the mouth of the den; and the king sealed it with his own signet, and with the signet of his lords; that nothing might be changed concerning Daniel.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	laid	lay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
9	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	den	den	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	sealed	seal	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
23	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	signet	signet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
27	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	signet	signet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	lords	lord	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nmod	_	_
33	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	_
34	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	38	mark	_	_
35	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	38	nsubj:pass	_	_
36	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
37	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	aux:pass	_	_
38	changed	change	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	advcl	_	_
39	concerning	concern	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	Daniel	Daniel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past · passive |  | a stone |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **lay** | participle |  |  |  | the mouth of the den |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent upon mouth=Destination |
| 3 | **seal** | past | the king | stone |  |  |  | with king's own signet and the signet of king's lords | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with signet=Instrument |
| 4 | **change** | might · passive |  | nothing |  |  |  | concern Daniel | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Aramaic of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=arc -->
וְהֵיתָ֙יִת֙ אֶ֣בֶן חֲדָ֔ה וְשֻׂמַ֖ת עַל־פֻּ֣ם גֻּבָּ֑א וְחַתְמַ֨הּ מַלְכָּ֜א בְּעִזְקְתֵ֗הּ וּבְעִזְקָת֙ רַבְרְבָנ֔וֹהִי דִּ֛י לָא־תִשְׁנֵ֥א צְב֖וּ בְּדָנִיֵּֽאל׃

[Daniel 6:18: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.18/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DAN:195` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Daniel 6:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.194/)
- next →: [Daniel 6:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.196/)
- ↑ back to [Daniel 6:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.6.18/)