---
title: Daniel 7:17 (JPS 1917) — 'These great beasts, which are four, are four kings, that shall aris… · tree and pragmatics
description: 'These great beasts, which are four, are four kings, that shall arise out of the earth. Who acts: great beasts, four kings. Daniel 7:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Daniel 7:17 · JPS 1917

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'These great beasts, which are four, are four kings, that shall arise out of the earth.

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**Who acts:** great beasts, four kings · **What happens:** be, arise · **To what, where:** four, four kings, earth

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This is Daniel 7:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (great beasts, four kings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DAN:225
# text = 'These great beasts, which are four, are four kings, that shall arise out of the earth.
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	_
2	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	4	det	_	_
3	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	beasts	beast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	acl:relcl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	kings	king	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
15	shall	shall	AUX	MD	_	16	aux	_	_
16	arise	arise	VERB	VB	_	12	acl:relcl	_	_
17	out	out	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: evaluate
- voice: character
- polarity: pos
- teacher: changed form=decl

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | this great beasts | four |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | this great beasts | four kings |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **arise** | shall | four kings |  |  | the earth |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme out earth=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Aramaic of this verse {#hebrew}

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אִלֵּין֙ חֵיוָתָ֣א רַבְרְבָתָ֔א דִּ֥י אִנִּ֖ין אַרְבַּ֑ע אַרְבְּעָ֥ה מַלְכִ֖ין יְקוּמ֥וּן מִן־אַרְעָֽא׃

[Daniel 7:17: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.7.17/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DAN:225` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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