---
title: Daniel 10:1 (JPS 1917) — In the third year of Cyrus king of Persia a word was revealed unto D… · tree and pragmatics
description: In the third year of Cyrus king of Persia a word was revealed unto Daniel, whose name was called Belteshazzar; and the word was true, even a great warfare; and he gave heed to the word, and had understanding of the vision. Who acts: word, Belteshazzar. Daniel 10:1 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tre
---

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# Daniel 10:1 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the third year of Cyrus king of Persia a word was revealed unto Daniel, whose name was called Belteshazzar; and the word was true, even a great warfare; and he gave heed to the word, and had understanding of the vision.

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**Who acts:** word, Belteshazzar · **What happens:** reveal, call, be, give, have, understand · **To what, where:** word, name, heed, understanding, vision · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Daniel 10:1 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (word, Belteshazzar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DAN:292
# text = In the third year of Cyrus king of Persia a word was revealed unto Daniel, whose name was called Belteshazzar; and the word was true, even a great warfare; and he gave heed to the word, and had understanding of the vision.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	amod	_	_
4	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	Cyrus	Cyrus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	flat	_	_
7	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Persia	Persia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	revealed	reveal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
14	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Daniel	Daniel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl:relcl	_	_
21	Belteshazzar	Belteshazzar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	xcomp	_	_
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	27	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
26	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	cop	_	_
27	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	even	even	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	warfare	warfare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	conj	_	_
33	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	36	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
35	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
36	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
37	heed	heed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obj	_	_
38	to	to	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	_
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
43	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	conj	_	_
44	understanding	understanding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	obj	_	_
45	of	of	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
47	vision	vision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	nmod	_	_
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reveal** | past · passive |  | a word |  |  | year | unto Daniel | vn confess-37.10 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
| 2 | **call** | past · passive |  | name |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 3 | **is** | past | the word |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **give** | past | Belteshazzar | heed | the word |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent heed=Theme to word=Recipient |
| 5 | **have** | past | Belteshazzar *not said here* | understanding of the vision |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent understanding=Patient |
| 6 | **understand** |  |  | the vision |  |  |  |  | nom understanding «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
בִּשְׁנַ֣ת שָׁל֗וֹשׁ לְכ֙וֹרֶשׁ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ פָּרַ֔ס דָּבָר֙ נִגְלָ֣ה לְדָֽנִיֵּ֔אל אֲשֶׁר־נִקְרָ֥א שְׁמ֖וֹ בֵּלְטְשַׁאצַּ֑ר וֶאֱמֶ֤ת הַדָּבָר֙ וְצָבָ֣א גָד֔וֹל וּבִין֙ אֶת־הַדָּבָ֔ר וּבִ֥ינָה ל֖וֹ בַּמַּרְאֶֽה׃

[Daniel 10:1: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.10.1/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DAN:292` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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