--- title: Daniel 10:16 (JPS 1917) — And, behold, one like the similitude of the sons of men touched my l… · tree and pragmatics description: And, behold, one like the similitude of the sons of men touched my lips; then I opened my mouth, and spoke and said unto him that stood before me: 'O my lord, by reason of the vision my pains are come upon me, and I retain no strength. Who acts: one, I, pains, my. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, I, pains, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:DAN:307 # text = And, behold, one like the similitude of the sons of men touched my lips; then I opened my mouth, and spoke and said unto him that stood before me: 'O my lord, by reason of the vision my pains are come upon me, and I retain no strength. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 3 behold behold INTJ UH _ 14 discourse _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 5 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 14 nsubj _ _ 6 like like ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 similitude similitude NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 9 of of ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 sons son NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nmod _ _ 12 of of ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 13 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 nmod _ _ 14 touched touch VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 15 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ _ 16 lips lip NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 17 ; ; PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 18 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 20 advmod _ _ 19 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 20 opened open VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 21 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ _ 22 mouth mouth NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 25 spoke speak VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 conj _ _ 28 unto unto ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ _ 30 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 31 nsubj _ _ 31 stood stand VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 acl:relcl _ _ 32 before before ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 31 obl _ _ 34 : : PUNCT : _ 48 punct _ _ 35 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 48 punct _ _ 36 O o INTJ UH _ 38 discourse _ _ 37 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ _ 38 lord lord NOUN NN Number=Sing 48 vocative _ _ 39 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 40 by by ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 reason reason NOUN NN Number=Sing 48 obl _ _ 42 of of ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 vision vision NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nmod _ _ 45 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 46 nmod:poss _ _ 46 pains pain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 48 nsubj _ _ 47 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 48 aux _ _ 48 come come VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 27 ccomp _ _ 49 upon upon ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 50 me I PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 48 obl _ _ 51 , , PUNCT , _ 54 punct _ _ 52 and and CCONJ CC _ 54 cc _ _ 53 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 54 nsubj _ _ 54 retain retain VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 48 conj _ _ 55 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 56 det _ _ 56 strength strength NOUN NN Number=Sing 54 obj _ _ 57 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: disagree - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **touch** | past | one like the similitude of the sons of men | my lips | | | | | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme lip=Co-Theme | | 2 | **open** | past | I | my mouth | | | then | | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location mouth=Theme | | 3 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | I *not said here* | | | | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | I *not said here* | | | | | unto vision | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **stand** | past | | | | | before me | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before i=Location | | 6 | **come** | present · passive | my pains | | | | | by reason of the vision; upon me; my lord *vocative* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by reason=Location | | 7 | **retain** | present | I | no strength | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **pain** | | my | | | | | | nom pain «state transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְהִנֵּ֗ה כִּדְמוּת֙ בְּנֵ֣י אָדָ֔ם נֹגֵ֖עַ עַל־שְׂפָתָ֑י וָאֶפְתַּח־פִּ֗י וָאֲדַבְּרָה֙ וָאֹֽמְרָה֙ אֶל־הָעֹמֵ֣ד לְנֶגְדִּ֔י אֲדֹנִ֗י בַּמַּרְאָה֙ נֶהֶפְכ֤וּ צִירַי֙ עָלַ֔י וְלֹ֥א עָצַ֖רְתִּי כֹּֽחַ׃ [Daniel 10:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.10.16/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DAN:307` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Daniel 10:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.306/) - next →: [Daniel 10:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.308/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 10:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.10.16/)