---
title: Daniel 10:20 (JPS 1917) — Then said he: Knowest thou wherefore I come unto thee? and now will… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then said he: Knowest thou wherefore I come unto thee? and now will I return to fight with the prince of Persia; and when I go forth, lo, the prince of Greece shall come. Who acts: strength, thou, I, prince. Daniel 10:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Daniel 10:20 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then said he: Knowest thou wherefore I come unto thee? and now will I return to fight with the prince of Persia; and when I go forth, lo, the prince of Greece shall come.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** strength, thou, I, prince · **What happens:** say, know, come, return, fight, go · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Daniel 10:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (strength, thou, I, prince), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DAN:311
# text = Then said he: Knowest thou wherefore I come unto thee? and now will I return to fight with the prince of Persia; and when I go forth, lo, the prince of Greece shall come.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
5	Knowest	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	5	nsubj	_	_
7	wherefore	wherefore	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
10	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	obl	_	_
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
14	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	17	advmod	_	_
15	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	parataxis	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	fight	fight	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Persia	Persia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	39	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
27	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	29	mark	_	_
28	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
29	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	39	advcl	_	_
30	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
32	lo	lo	INTJ	UH	_	39	discourse	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nsubj	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
37	Greece	Greece	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	_
38	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
39	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	conj	_	_
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: other
- act: narrate
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=other, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | strength |  |  |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **know** | present | thou |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 3 | **come** | present | I |  |  |  |  | unto thee; wherefore *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **return** | future | I |  |  |  | now |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **fight** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with the prince of Persia | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with prince=Co-Agent |
| 6 | **go** | present | I |  |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 7 | **come** | shall | the prince of Greece |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֗אמֶר הֲיָדַ֙עְתָּ֙ לָמָּה־בָּ֣אתִי אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְעַתָּ֣ה אָשׁ֔וּב לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם עִם־שַׂ֣ר פָּרָ֑ס וַאֲנִ֣י יוֹצֵ֔א וְהִנֵּ֥ה שַׂר־יָוָ֖ן בָּֽא׃

[Daniel 10:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.10.20/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DAN:311` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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