---
title: Daniel 12:8 (JPS 1917) — And I heard, but I understood not; then said I: 'O my Lord, what sha… · tree and pragmatics
description: And I heard, but I understood not; then said I: 'O my Lord, what shall be the latter end of these things?' Who acts: I. Daniel 12:8 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Daniel 12:8 · JPS 1917

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And I heard, but I understood not; then said I: 'O my Lord, what shall be the latter end of these things?'

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**Who acts:** I · **What happens:** hear, not understand, say, be · **To what, where:** latter end · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Daniel 12:8 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DAN:366
# text = And I heard, but I understood not; then said I: 'O my Lord, what shall be the latter end of these things?'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
11	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
12	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
14	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	_
15	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	17	discourse	_	_
16	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	vocative	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
19	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	24	nsubj	_	_
20	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
21	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	cop	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	latter	latter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	ccomp	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	27	det	_	_
27	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	_
28	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	_
29	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **not** **understand** | past | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | I |  |  |  | then |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** | shall |  | the latter end |  |  |  | of this things; my Lord *vocative* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַאֲנִ֥י שָׁמַ֖עְתִּי וְלֹ֣א אָבִ֑ין וָאֹ֣מְרָ֔ה אֲדֹנִ֕י מָ֥ה אַחֲרִ֖ית אֵֽלֶּה׃פ

[Daniel 12:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.12.8/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DAN:366` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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