--- title: Daniel 2:21 (JPS 1917) — And He changeth the times and the seasons; He removeth kings, and se… · tree and pragmatics description: And He changeth the times and the seasons; He removeth kings, and setteth up kings; He giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding; Who acts: name, knowledge. Daniel 2:21 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.43/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/2/) / [2:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.2.21/) / JPS 1 # Daniel 2:21 · JPS 1917 And He changeth the times and the seasons; He removeth kings, and setteth up kings; He giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding; **Who acts:** name, knowledge · **What happens:** change, remove, set up, give, know · **To what, where:** kings, wisdom, wise, understanding This is Daniel 2:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (name, knowledge), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:DAN:43 # text = And He changeth the times and the seasons; He removeth kings, and setteth up kings; He giveth wisdom unto the wise, and knowledge to them that know understanding; 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 changeth change VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 seasons season NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ _ 9 ; ; PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 10 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 11 removeth remove VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 12 kings king NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obj _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 15 setteth set VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 16 up up ADP RP _ 15 compound:prt _ _ 17 kings king NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obj _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 19 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 20 giveth give VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 21 wisdom wisdom NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 22 unto unto ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 wise wise NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 iobj _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 knowledge knowledge NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 conj _ _ 28 to to ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ _ 30 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 31 nsubj _ _ 31 know know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 acl:relcl _ _ 32 understanding understanding NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obj _ _ 33 ; ; PUNCT : _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: pos - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **change** | present | name | | | | time | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **remove** | present | name | kings | | | | | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent king=Theme | | 3 | **set up** | present | name *not said here* | kings | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient king=Result | | 4 | **give** | present | name | wisdom and knowledge | the wise | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent wise=Recipient wisdom=Theme | | 5 | **know** | present | knowledge | understanding | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer understanding=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Aramaic of this verse {#hebrew} וְ֠הוּא מְהַשְׁנֵ֤א עִדָּנַיָּא֙ וְזִמְנַיָּ֔א מְהַעְדֵּ֥ה מַלְכִ֖ין וּמְהָקֵ֣ים מַלְכִ֑ין יָהֵ֤ב חָכְמְתָא֙ לְחַכִּימִ֔ין וּמַנְדְּעָ֖א לְיָדְעֵ֥י בִינָֽה׃ [Daniel 2:21: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.2.21/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DAN:43` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Daniel 2:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.42/) - next →: [Daniel 2:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.44/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 2:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.2.21/)