---
title: Daniel 3:3 (JPS 1917) — Then the satraps, the prefects, and the governors, the judges, the t… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the satraps, the prefects, and the governors, the judges, the treasurers, the counsellors, the sheriffs, and all the rulers of the provinces, were gathered together unto the dedication of the image that Nebuchadnezzar the king had set up; and they stood before the image that Nebuchadnezzar had 
---

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# Daniel 3:3 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then the satraps, the prefects, and the governors, the judges, the treasurers, the counsellors, the sheriffs, and all the rulers of the provinces, were gathered together unto the dedication of the image that Nebuchadnezzar the king had set up; and they stood before the image that Nebuchadnezzar had set up.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Nebuchadnezzar, satraps · **What happens:** gather, set up, stand · **To what, where:** satraps, image

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Daniel 3:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nebuchadnezzar, satraps), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:DAN:76
# text = Then the satraps, the prefects, and the governors, the judges, the treasurers, the counsellors, the sheriffs, and all the rulers of the provinces, were gathered together unto the dedication of the image that Nebuchadnezzar the king had set up; and they stood before the image that Nebuchadnezzar had set up.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	33	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	satraps	satrap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	prefects	prefect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	governors	governor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	judges	judge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	treasurers	treasurer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	counsellors	counsellor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	sheriffs	sheriff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
25	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	27	det:predet	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	rulers	ruler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	provinces	province	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nmod	_	_
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
32	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux:pass	_	_
33	gathered	gather	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
34	together	together	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
35	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	dedication	dedication	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	image	image	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
41	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	46	obj	_	_
42	Nebuchadnezzar	Nebuchadnezzar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	46	nsubj	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	appos	_	_
45	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	46	aux	_	_
46	set	set	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	40	acl:relcl	_	_
47	up	up	ADP	RP	_	46	compound:prt	_	_
48	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	51	punct	_	_
49	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	51	cc	_	_
50	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	51	nsubj	_	_
51	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	conj	_	_
52	before	before	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
53	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
54	image	image	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	obl	_	_
55	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	58	obj	_	_
56	Nebuchadnezzar	Nebuchadnezzar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	58	nsubj	_	_
57	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	58	aux	_	_
58	set	set	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	54	acl:relcl	_	_
59	up	up	ADP	RP	_	58	compound:prt	_	_
60	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	33	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gather** | past · passive |  | the satraps and the prefects and the governors and the judges and the treasurers and the counsellors and the sheriffs and all rulers of the provinces |  |  | then | unto the dedication of the image; together *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **set up** | past · perfect | Nebuchadnezzar | the image |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient that=Result |
| 3 | **stand** | past | satraps *= satrap* |  |  | the image |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before image=Location |
| 4 | **set up** | past · perfect | Nebuchadnezzar | the image |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient that=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Aramaic of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=arc -->
בֵּאדַ֡יִן מִֽתְכַּנְּשִׁ֡ין אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנַיָּ֡א סִגְנַיָּ֣א וּֽפַחֲוָתָ֡א אֲדַרְגָּזְרַיָּ֣א גְדָבְרַיָּא֩ דְּתָ֨בְרַיָּ֜א תִּפְתָּיֵ֗א וְכֹל֙ שִׁלְטֹנֵ֣י מְדִֽינָתָ֔א לַחֲנֻכַּ֣ת צַלְמָ֔א דִּ֥י הֲקֵ֖ים נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֣ר מַלְכָּ֑א וְקָֽיְמִין֙ לָקֳבֵ֣ל צַלְמָ֔א דִּ֥י הֲקֵ֖ים נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּֽר׃

[Daniel 3:3: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DAN:76` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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