--- title: Daniel 3:22 (JPS 1917) — Therefore because the king's commandment was peremptory, and the fur… · tree and pragmatics description: Therefore because the king's commandment was peremptory, and the furnace exceeding hot, the flame of the fire slew those men that took up Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego. Who acts: commandment, furnace, men, king. Daniel 3:22 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.96/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Ketuvim](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/) / [Daniel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN/3/) / [3:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.22/) / JPS 1 # Daniel 3:22 · JPS 1917 Therefore because the king's commandment was peremptory, and the furnace exceeding hot, the flame of the fire slew those men that took up Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego. **Who acts:** commandment, furnace, men, king, fire · **What happens:** be, exceed, slay, take up, command, flame · **To what, where:** men, Shadrach · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Daniel 3:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (commandment, furnace, men, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:DAN:96 # text = Therefore because the king's commandment was peremptory, and the furnace exceeding hot, the flame of the fire slew those men that took up Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego. 1 Therefore therefore ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 2 because because SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod:poss _ _ 5 's 's PART POS _ 4 case _ _ 6 commandment commandment NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 7 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 cop _ _ 8 peremptory peremptory ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 advcl _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 furnace furnace NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 13 exceeding exceed VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 12 acl _ _ 14 hot hot ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 xcomp _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 flame flame NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 18 of of ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 nmod _ _ 21 slew slay VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 22 those that DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 23 det _ _ 23 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obj _ _ 24 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 25 nsubj _ _ 25 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 23 acl:relcl _ _ 26 up up ADP RP _ 25 compound:prt _ _ 27 Shadrach Shadrach PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 obj _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 29 Meshach Meshach PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 conj _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 32 Abed abed PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 compound _ _ 33 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 34 punct _ _ 34 nego nego PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 conj _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 21 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | the king's commandment | | | | | peremptory *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **exceed** | gerund | the furnace *not said here* | | | | | hot *property* | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot | | 3 | **slay** | past | the furnace | that men | | | | therefore *property* | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Patient | | 4 | **take up** | past | that men | | Shadrach and Meshach and Abed nego | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument shadrach=Destination | | 5 | **command** | | the king | | | | | | nom commandment «communication transitive»: poss=agent | | 6 | **flame** | | the fire | | | | | | nom flame «process intransitive»: of=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Aramaic of this verse {#hebrew} כָּל־קֳבֵ֣ל דְּנָ֗ה מִן־דִּ֞י מִלַּ֤ת מַלְכָּא֙ מַחְצְפָ֔ה וְאַתּוּנָ֖א אֵזֵ֣ה יַתִּ֑ירָא גֻּבְרַיָּ֣א אִלֵּ֗ךְ דִּ֤י הַסִּ֙קוּ֙ לְשַׁדְרַ֤ךְ מֵישַׁךְ֙ וַעֲבֵ֣ד נְג֔וֹ עֲבֵ֣ד נְג֔וֹ קַטִּ֣ל הִמּ֔וֹן שְׁבִיבָ֖א דִּ֥י נוּרָֽא׃ [Daniel 3:22: the Aramaic tree, its pragmatics →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.22/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:DAN:96` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Daniel 3:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.95/) - next →: [Daniel 3:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/DAN.97/) - ↑ back to [Daniel 3:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/DAN.3.22/)