---
title: Ecclesiastes 1:16 (JPS 1917) — I spoke with my own heart, saying: 'Lo, I have gotten great wisdom,… · tree and pragmatics
description: I spoke with my own heart, saying: 'Lo, I have gotten great wisdom, more also than all that were before me over Jerusalem'; yea, my heart hath had great experience of wisdom and knowledge. Who acts: I, heart. Ecclesiastes 1:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ecclesiastes 1:16 · JPS 1917

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I spoke with my own heart, saying: 'Lo, I have gotten great wisdom, more also than all that were before me over Jerusalem'; yea, my heart hath had great experience of wisdom and knowledge.

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**Who acts:** I, heart · **What happens:** speak, say, get, be, have, experience · **To what, where:** great wisdom, Jerusalem, great experience, wisdom · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Ecclesiastes 1:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, heart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ECC:15
# text = I spoke with my own heart, saying: 'Lo, I have gotten great wisdom, more also than all that were before me over Jerusalem'; yea, my heart hath had great experience of wisdom and knowledge.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
10	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	_
11	Lo	lo	INTJ	UH	_	15	discourse	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	gotten	get	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	ccomp	_	_
16	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	wisdom	wisdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	15	advmod	_	_
20	also	also	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	than	than	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	obl	_	_
23	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
24	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
25	before	before	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	me	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	acl:relcl	_	_
27	over	over	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	Jerusalem	Jerusalem	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
29	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
30	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	36	punct	_	_
31	yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	36	discourse	_	_
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
33	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nsubj	_	_
35	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
36	had	have	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	15	conj	_	_
37	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	experience	experience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obj	_	_
39	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	wisdom	wisdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nmod	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
42	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	conj	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | I |  |  |  |  | with my own heart | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with heart=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **get** | present · perfect | I | great wisdom |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer wisdom=Stimulus |
| 4 | **is** | past |  |  |  | Jerusalem |  | be *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **have** | present · perfect | my heart | great experience of wisdom and knowledge |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent experience=Patient |
| 6 | **experience** |  |  | wisdom and knowledge |  |  |  |  | nom experience «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
דִּבַּ֨רְתִּי אֲנִ֤י עִם־לִבִּי֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אֲנִ֗י הִנֵּ֨ה הִגְדַּ֤לְתִּי וְהוֹסַ֙פְתִּי֙ חָכְמָ֔ה עַ֛ל כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־הָיָ֥ה לְפָנַ֖י עַל־יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וְלִבִּ֛י רָאָ֥ה הַרְבֵּ֖ה חָכְמָ֥ה וָדָֽעַת׃

[Ecclesiastes 1:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.1.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ECC:15` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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