---
title: Ecclesiastes 8:11 (JPS 1917) — Because sentence against an evil work is not executed speedily, ther… · tree and pragmatics
description: Because sentence against an evil work is not executed speedily, therefore the heart of the sons of men is fully set in them to do evil; Ecclesiastes 8:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ecclesiastes 8:11 · JPS 1917

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Because sentence against an evil work is not executed speedily, therefore the heart of the sons of men is fully set in them to do evil;

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**What happens:** not execute, set, do · **To what, where:** sentence, heart, evil

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This is Ecclesiastes 8:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ECC:163
# text = Because sentence against an evil work is not executed speedily, therefore the heart of the sons of men is fully set in them to do evil;
1	Because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
2	sentence	sentence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	against	against	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	evil	evil	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	executed	execute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	advcl	_	_
10	speedily	speedily	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
12	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nmod	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux:pass	_	_
21	fully	fully	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	set	set	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
23	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obl	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	advcl	_	_
27	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
28	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	22	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **execute** | present · passive |  | sentence against a evil work |  |  |  | speedily *property* | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **set** | present · passive |  | the heart of the sons of men |  |  |  | in sons *= son*; fully, therefore *property* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in they=Destination |
| 3 | **do** | to-infinitive |  | evil |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent evil=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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אֲשֶׁר֙ אֵין־נַעֲשָׂ֣ה פִתְגָ֔ם מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה הָרָעָ֖ה מְהֵרָ֑ה עַל־כֵּ֡ן מָלֵ֞א לֵ֧ב בְּֽנֵי־הָאָדָ֛ם בָּהֶ֖ם לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת רָֽע׃

[Ecclesiastes 8:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.8.11/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ECC:163` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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