---
title: Ecclesiastes 1:18 (JPS 1917) — For in much wisdom is much vexation; and he that increaseth knowledg… · tree and pragmatics
description: For in much wisdom is much vexation; and he that increaseth knowledge increaseth sorrow. Who acts: God. Ecclesiastes 1:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ecclesiastes 1:18 · JPS 1917

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For in much wisdom is much vexation; and he that increaseth knowledge increaseth sorrow.

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**Who acts:** God · **What happens:** be, increase · **To what, where:** much vexation, much wisdom, knowledge, sorrow

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This is Ecclesiastes 1:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ECC:17
# text = For in much wisdom is much vexation; and he that increaseth knowledge increaseth sorrow.
1	For	for	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	wisdom	wisdom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	vexation	vexation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	increaseth	increase	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	increaseth	increase	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
15	sorrow	sorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | much vexation |  | much wisdom |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **increase** | present |  | knowledge |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer knowledge=Patient |
| 3 | **increase** | present | God | sorrow |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer sorrow=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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כִּ֛י בְּרֹ֥ב חָכְמָ֖ה רָב־כָּ֑עַס וְיוֹסִ֥יף דַּ֖עַת יוֹסִ֥יף מַכְאֽוֹב׃

[Ecclesiastes 1:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.1.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ECC:17` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Ecclesiastes 1:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.16/)
- next →: [Ecclesiastes 2:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.18/)
- ↑ back to [Ecclesiastes 1:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.1.18/)