---
title: Ecclesiastes 9:3 (JPS 1917) — This is an evil in all that is done under the sun, that there is one… · tree and pragmatics
description: This is an evil in all that is done under the sun, that there is one event unto all; yea also, the heart of the sons of men is full of evil, and madness is in their heart while they live, and after that they go to the dead. Who acts: This, heart, madness, things. Ecclesiastes 9:3 in JPS 1917 with it
---

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# Ecclesiastes 9:3 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This is an evil in all that is done under the sun, that there is one event unto all; yea also, the heart of the sons of men is full of evil, and madness is in their heart while they live, and after that they go to the dead.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** This, heart, madness, things · **What happens:** be, do, live, go · **To what, where:** evil, all, sun, heart, dead

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Ecclesiastes 9:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, heart, madness, things), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ECC:172
# text = This is an evil in all that is done under the sun, that there is one event unto all; yea also, the heart of the sons of men is full of evil, and madness is in their heart while they live, and after that they go to the dead.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	nmod	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	under	under	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	there	there	PRON	EX	_	16	expl	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
17	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	18	nummod	_	_
18	event	event	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
19	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	18	nmod	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
22	yea	yea	INTJ	UH	_	33	discourse	_	_
23	also	also	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nmod	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nmod	_	_
32	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	33	cop	_	_
33	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	evil	evil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
38	madness	madness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nsubj	_	_
39	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	42	cop	_	_
40	in	in	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	42	nmod:poss	_	_
42	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	conj	_	_
43	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	45	mark	_	_
44	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	nsubj	_	_
45	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	42	advcl	_	_
46	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
47	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	51	cc	_	_
48	after	after	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
49	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	51	obl	_	_
50	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	51	nsubj	_	_
51	go	go	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	42	conj	_	_
52	to	to	ADP	IN	_	54	case	_	_
53	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	54	det	_	_
54	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	51	obl	_	_
55	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed polarity=neg

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | This | a evil |  | all |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | present · passive |  |  |  | the sun |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |
| 3 | **is** | present | the heart of the sons of men |  |  |  |  | of evil; full *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present | madness |  |  | sons's heart |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **live** | present | things *= thing* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **go** | present | things *= thing* |  |  | the dead | after that |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to dead=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
זֶ֣ה ׀ רָ֗ע בְּכֹ֤ל אֲשֶֽׁר־נַעֲשָׂה֙ תַּ֣חַת הַשֶּׁ֔מֶשׁ כִּֽי־מִקְרֶ֥ה אֶחָ֖ד לַכֹּ֑ל וְגַ֣ם לֵ֣ב בְּֽנֵי־הָ֠אָדָם מָלֵא־רָ֨ע וְהוֹלֵל֤וֹת בִּלְבָבָם֙ בְּחַיֵּיהֶ֔ם וְאַחֲרָ֖יו אֶל־הַמֵּתִֽים׃

[Ecclesiastes 9:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.9.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ECC:172` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Ecclesiastes 9:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.171/)
- next →: [Ecclesiastes 9:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.173/)
- ↑ back to [Ecclesiastes 9:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.9.3/)