---
title: Ecclesiastes 2:18 (JPS 1917) — And I hated all my labour wherein I laboured under the sun, seeing t… · tree and pragmatics
description: And I hated all my labour wherein I laboured under the sun, seeing that I must leave it unto the man that shall be after me. Who acts: I, man. Ecclesiastes 2:18 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ecclesiastes 2:18 · JPS 1917

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And I hated all my labour wherein I laboured under the sun, seeing that I must leave it unto the man that shall be after me.

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**Who acts:** I, man · **What happens:** hate, labour, see, leave, be · **To what, where:** labour, sun · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Ecclesiastes 2:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ECC:37
# text = And I hated all my labour wherein I laboured under the sun, seeing that I must leave it unto the man that shall be after me.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hated	hate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	6	det:predet	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	labour	labour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	wherein	wherein	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	9	advmod	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	laboured	labour	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	under	under	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	seeing	see	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	advcl	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
17	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	ccomp	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
23	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	27	nsubj	_	_
24	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
25	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	cop	_	_
26	after	after	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	acl:relcl	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hate** | past | I | my labour |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer labour=Stimulus |
| 2 | **labour** | past | I |  |  | the sun |  | wherein *property* | vn work-73.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **see** | gerund | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 4 | **leave** | must | I | labour |  |  |  | unto the man | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 5 | **is** | shall | the man |  |  |  | after me |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְשָׂנֵ֤אתִֽי אֲנִי֙ אֶת־כָּל־עֲמָלִ֔י שֶׁאֲנִ֥י עָמֵ֖ל תַּ֣חַת הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ שֶׁ֣אַנִּיחֶ֔נּוּ לָאָדָ֖ם שֶׁיִּהְיֶ֥ה אַחֲרָֽי׃

[Ecclesiastes 2:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.2.18/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ECC:37` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Ecclesiastes 2:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.36/)
- next →: [Ecclesiastes 2:19 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/ECC.38/)
- ↑ back to [Ecclesiastes 2:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.2.18/)