---
title: Ecclesiastes 2:25 (JPS 1917) — For who will eat, or who will enjoy, if not I? · tree and pragmatics
description: For who will eat, or who will enjoy, if not I? Ecclesiastes 2:25 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ecclesiastes 2:25 · JPS 1917

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For who will eat, or who will enjoy, if not I?

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**What happens:** eat, enjoy

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This is Ecclesiastes 2:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ECC:48
# text = For who will eat, or who will enjoy, if not I?
1	For	for	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	9	nsubj	_	_
8	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	enjoy	enjoy	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	advcl	_	_
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: yes/no question
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- indirect: yes
- teacher: changed form=q

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | future |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **enjoy** | future |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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כִּ֣י מִ֥י יֹאכַ֛ל וּמִ֥י יָח֖וּשׁ ח֥וּץ מִמֶּֽנִּי׃

[Ecclesiastes 2:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.2.25/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ECC:48` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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