---
title: Ecclesiastes 3:2 (JPS 1917) — A time to be born, and a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to… · tree and pragmatics
description: A time to be born, and a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to pluck up that which is planted; Ecclesiastes 3:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ecclesiastes 3:2 · JPS 1917

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A time to be born, and a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to pluck up that which is planted;

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**What happens:** bear, die, plant, pluck up · **To what, where:** time

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This is Ecclesiastes 3:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ECC:52
# text = A time to be born, and a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to pluck up that which is planted;
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	acl	_	_
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	plant	plant	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	acl	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	pluck	pluck	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	acl	_	_
23	up	up	ADP	RP	_	22	compound:prt	_	_
24	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	22	obj	_	_
25	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	27	nsubj:pass	_	_
26	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux:pass	_	_
27	planted	plant	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	24	acl:relcl	_	_
28	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bear** | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S» |
| 2 | **die** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **plant** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **pluck up** | to-infinitive |  | a time |  |  |  |  | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Patient |
| 5 | **plant** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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עֵ֥ת לָלֶ֖דֶת וְעֵ֣ת לָמ֑וּת עֵ֣ת לָטַ֔עַת וְעֵ֖ת לַעֲק֥וֹר נָטֽוּעַ׃

[Ecclesiastes 3:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.3.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ECC:52` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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