---
title: Ecclesiastes 1:10 (JPS 1917) — Is there a thing whereof it is said: 'See, this is new'? — it hath b… · tree and pragmatics
description: Is there a thing whereof it is said: 'See, this is new'? — it hath been already, in the ages which were before us. Who acts: thing, this, ear, ages. Ecclesiastes 1:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Ecclesiastes 1:10 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Is there a thing whereof it is said: 'See, this is new'? — it hath been already, in the ages which were before us.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** thing, this, ear, ages · **What happens:** be, say, see · **To what, where:** ear, ages · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Ecclesiastes 1:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thing, this, ear, ages), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:ECC:9
# text = Is there a thing whereof it is said: 'See, this is new'? — it hath been already, in the ages which were before us.
1	Is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	1	expl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
5	whereof	whereof	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	_
11	See	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	15	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	ccomp	_	_
16	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
18	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	been	be	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	1	parataxis	_	_
22	already	already	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	ages	age	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
27	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	30	nsubj	_	_
28	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
29	before	before	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	acl:relcl	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: changed form=q, act=ask, voice=narrator

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | a thing |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · passive |  | ear |  |  |  | whereof *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **see** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **is** | present | this |  |  |  |  | new *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** | present · perfect | ear |  |  |  | in the ages |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in age=Location |
| 6 | **is** | past | the ages |  |  |  | before us |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
יֵ֥שׁ דָּבָ֛ר שֶׁיֹּאמַ֥ר רְאֵה־זֶ֖ה חָדָ֣שׁ ה֑וּא כְּבָר֙ הָיָ֣ה לְעֹֽלָמִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר הָיָ֖ה מִלְּפָנֵֽנוּ׃

[Ecclesiastes 1:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/ECC.1.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:ECC:9` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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