---
title: Esther 7:6 (JPS 1917) — And Esther said: 'An adversary and an enemy, even this wicked Haman.… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Esther said: 'An adversary and an enemy, even this wicked Haman.' Then Haman was terrified before the king and the queen. Who acts: Esther, Haman. Esther 7:6 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Esther 7:6 · JPS 1917

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And Esther said: 'An adversary and an enemy, even this wicked Haman.' Then Haman was terrified before the king and the queen.

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**Who acts:** Esther, Haman · **What happens:** say, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Esther 7:6 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Esther, Haman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EST:118
# text = And Esther said: 'An adversary and an enemy, even this wicked Haman.' Then Haman was terrified before the king and the queen.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Esther	Esther	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	_
6	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	adversary	adversary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	even	even	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	15	det	_	_
14	wicked	wicked	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	Haman	Haman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
17	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
18	Then	then	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
19	Haman	Haman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
21	terrified	terrified	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	_
22	before	before	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	queen	queen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none, voice=narrator

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Esther |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | Haman |  |  |  | before the king and the queen; then | terrified *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַתֹּ֣אמֶר־אֶסְתֵּ֔ר אִ֚ישׁ צַ֣ר וְאוֹיֵ֔ב הָמָ֥ן הָרָ֖ע הַזֶּ֑ה וְהָמָ֣ן נִבְעַ֔ת מִלִּפְנֵ֥י הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ וְהַמַּלְכָּֽה׃

[Esther 7:6: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.7.6/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EST:118` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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