---
title: Esther 7:10 (JPS 1917) — So they hanged Haman on the gallows that he had prepared for Mordecai. · tree and pragmatics
description: So they hanged Haman on the gallows that he had prepared for Mordecai. Who acts: king, Haman. Esther 7:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Esther 7:10 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

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So they hanged Haman on the gallows that he had prepared for Mordecai.

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**Who acts:** king, Haman · **What happens:** hang, prepare · **To what, where:** Haman, gallows

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This is Esther 7:10 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, Haman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EST:123
# text = So they hanged Haman on the gallows that he had prepared for Mordecai.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hanged	hang	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Haman	Haman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	gallows	gallows	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obj	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
10	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	prepared	prepare	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	acl:relcl	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Mordecai	Mordecai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang** | past | king | Haman |  | the gallows |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent haman=Theme on gallows=Destination |
| 2 | **prepare** | past · perfect | Haman | the gallows |  |  |  | for Mordecai | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent that=Product for mordecai=Beneficiary |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיִּתְלוּ֙ אֶת־הָמָ֔ן עַל־הָעֵ֖ץ אֲשֶׁר־הֵכִ֣ין לְמָרְדֳּכָ֑י וַחֲמַ֥ת הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ שָׁכָֽכָה׃פ

[Esther 7:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.7.10/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

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1. **So they hanged Haman on the gallows that he had prepared for Mordecai.**
2. [Then was the king's wrath assuaged.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.124/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EST:123` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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