---
title: Esther 8:7 (JPS 1917) — Then the king Ahasuerus said unto Esther the queen and to Mordecai t… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the king Ahasuerus said unto Esther the queen and to Mordecai the Jew: 'Behold, I have given Esther the house of Haman, and him they have hanged upon the gallows, because he laid his hand upon the Jews. Who acts: king, I, Jews. Esther 8:7 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics 
---

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# Esther 8:7 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then the king Ahasuerus said unto Esther the queen and to Mordecai the Jew: 'Behold, I have given Esther the house of Haman, and him they have hanged upon the gallows, because he laid his hand upon the Jews.

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**Who acts:** king, I, Jews · **What happens:** say, give, hang, lay · **To what, where:** house, Esther, king, gallows, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Esther 8:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, I, Jews), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EST:134
# text = Then the king Ahasuerus said unto Esther the queen and to Mordecai the Jew: 'Behold, I have given Esther the house of Haman, and him they have hanged upon the gallows, because he laid his hand upon the Jews.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	Ahasuerus	Ahasuerus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Esther	Esther	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	queen	queen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Mordecai	Mordecai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	Jew	Jew	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
16	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	_
17	Behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	21	discourse	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
19	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	ccomp	_	_
22	Esther	Esther	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	iobj	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	Haman	Haman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
29	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	_
30	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
31	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	hanged	hang	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	21	conj	_	_
33	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
35	gallows	gallows	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
37	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	39	mark	_	_
38	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	39	nsubj	_	_
39	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	advcl	_	_
40	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	41	nmod:poss	_	_
41	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obj	_	_
42	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	Jews	Jew	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	39	obl	_	_
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the king |  |  |  | then | unto Esther and Mordecai | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **give** | present · perfect | I | the house of Haman | Esther |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent esther=Recipient house=Theme |
| 3 | **hang** | present · perfect | Jews *= jew* | king |  | the gallows |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme upon gallows=Destination |
| 4 | **lay** | past | king | king's hand |  |  |  | upon the Jews | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hand=Theme upon jew=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹשׁ֙ לְאֶסְתֵּ֣ר הַמַּלְכָּ֔ה וּֽלְמָרְדֳּכַ֖י הַיְּהוּדִ֑י הִנֵּ֨ה בֵית־הָמָ֜ן נָתַ֣תִּי לְאֶסְתֵּ֗ר וְאֹתוֹ֙ תָּל֣וּ עַל־הָעֵ֔ץ עַ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַ֥ח יָד֖וֹ בַּיְּהוּדִֽים׃

[Esther 8:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.8.7/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EST:134` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ↑ back to [Esther 8:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.8.7/)