---
title: Esther 8:13 (JPS 1917) — The copy of the writing, to be given out for a decree in every provi… · tree and pragmatics
description: The copy of the writing, to be given out for a decree in every province, was to be published unto all the peoples, and that the Jews should be ready against that day to avenge themselves on their enemies. Who acts: Jews. Esther 8:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# Esther 8:13 · JPS 1917

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The copy of the writing, to be given out for a decree in every province, was to be published unto all the peoples, and that the Jews should be ready against that day to avenge themselves on their enemies.

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**Who acts:** Jews · **What happens:** give out, publish, be, avenge, copy · **To what, where:** copy, Jews, enemies, writing

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This is Esther 8:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jews), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EST:140
# text = The copy of the writing, to be given out for a decree in every province, was to be published unto all the peoples, and that the Jews should be ready against that day to avenge themselves on their enemies.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	copy	copy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	writing	writing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	decree	decree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	16	det	_	_
16	province	province	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	21	mark	_	_
20	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	published	publish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
22	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	25	det:predet	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
28	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	Jews	Jew	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	33	nsubj	_	_
31	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	33	aux	_	_
32	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	cop	_	_
33	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	conj	_	_
34	against	against	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	36	det	_	_
36	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
37	to	to	PART	TO	_	38	mark	_	_
38	avenge	avenge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	advcl	_	_
39	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	38	obj	_	_
40	on	on	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	42	nmod:poss	_	_
42	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	obl	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	21	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give out** | to-infinitive · passive |  | the copy of the writing *not said here* |  |  |  | for a decree in every province | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V» |
| 2 | **publish** | past · passive |  | the copy of the writing |  |  |  | unto all peoples | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
| 3 | **is** | should | the Jews |  |  |  | day | ready *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **avenge** | to-infinitive | the Jews *not said here* | Jews *= jew* |  | Jews's enemies |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **copy** |  |  | the writing |  |  |  |  | nom copy «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
פַּתְשֶׁ֣גֶן הַכְּתָ֗ב לְהִנָּ֤תֵֽן דָּת֙ בְּכָל־מְדִינָ֣ה וּמְדִינָ֔ה גָּל֖וּי לְכָל־הָעַמִּ֑ים וְלִהְי֨וֹת הַיְּהוּדִ֤ים עֲתִידִים֙ לַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה לְהִנָּקֵ֖ם מֵאֹיְבֵיהֶֽם׃

[Esther 8:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.8.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EST:140` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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