---
title: Esther 8:17 (JPS 1917) — And in every province, and in every city, whithersoever the king's c… · tree and pragmatics
description: And in every province, and in every city, whithersoever the king's commandment and his decree came, the Jews had gladness and joy, a feast and a good day. Who acts: commandment, Jews, king. Esther 8:17 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Esther 8:17 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And in every province, and in every city, whithersoever the king's commandment and his decree came, the Jews had gladness and joy, a feast and a good day.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** commandment, Jews, king · **What happens:** come, have, command, decree · **To what, where:** gladness, province · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Esther 8:17 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (commandment, Jews, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EST:144
# text = And in every province, and in every city, whithersoever the king's commandment and his decree came, the Jews had gladness and joy, a feast and a good day.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	province	province	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
11	whithersoever	whithersoever	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	19	advmod	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod:poss	_	_
14	's	's	PART	POS	_	13	case	_	_
15	commandment	commandment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	decree	decree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
19	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	advcl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	Jews	Jew	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	23	nsubj	_	_
23	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
24	gladness	gladness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	joy	joy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	feast	feast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
31	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	_
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	23	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the king's commandment and commandment's decree |  |  |  |  | whithersoever *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | past | the Jews | gladness and joy and a feast and a good day |  | every province |  | in every city | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gladness=Patient |
| 3 | **command** |  | the king |  |  |  |  |  | nom commandment «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
| 4 | **decree** |  | commandment |  |  |  |  |  | nom decree «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּבְכָל־מְדִינָ֨ה וּמְדִינָ֜ה וּבְכָל־עִ֣יר וָעִ֗יר מְקוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר דְּבַר־הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ וְדָתוֹ֙ מַגִּ֔יעַ שִׂמְחָ֤ה וְשָׂשׂוֹן֙ לַיְּהוּדִ֔ים מִשְׁתֶּ֖ה וְי֣וֹם ט֑וֹב וְרַבִּ֞ים מֵֽעַמֵּ֤י הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ מִֽתְיַהֲדִ֔ים כִּֽי־נָפַ֥ל פַּֽחַד־הַיְּהוּדִ֖ים עֲלֵיהֶֽם׃

[Esther 8:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.8.17/)

<!-- .note -->
This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. **And in every province, and in every city, whithersoever the king's commandment and his decree came, the Jews had gladness and joy, a feast and a good day.**
2. [And many from among the peoples of the land became Jews; for the fear of the Jews was fallen upon them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.145/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EST:144` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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