---
title: Esther 9:2 (JPS 1917) — the Jews gathered themselves together in their cities throughout all… · tree and pragmatics
description: the Jews gathered themselves together in their cities throughout all the provinces of the king Ahasuerus, to lay hand on such as sought their hurt; and no man could withstand them; for the fear of them was fallen upon all the peoples. Who acts: Jews, man. Esther 9:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency t
---

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# Esther 9:2 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
the Jews gathered themselves together in their cities throughout all the provinces of the king Ahasuerus, to lay hand on such as sought their hurt; and no man could withstand them; for the fear of them was fallen upon all the peoples.

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**Who acts:** Jews, man · **What happens:** gather, lay, withstand, fall, hurt, fear · **To what, where:** Jews, cities, hand, sought, fear

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Esther 9:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Jews, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EST:147
# text = the Jews gathered themselves together in their cities throughout all the provinces of the king Ahasuerus, to lay hand on such as sought their hurt; and no man could withstand them; for the fear of them was fallen upon all the peoples.
1	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Jews	Jew	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gathered	gather	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obj	_	_
5	together	together	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	cities	city	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
9	throughout	throughout	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	12	det:predet	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	provinces	province	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	Ahasuerus	Ahasuerus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	lay	lay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
20	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
21	on	on	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
23	as	as	ADP	IN	_	22	fixed	_	_
24	sought	such	PRON	NN	_	19	obl	_	_
25	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	hurt	hurt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
27	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	32	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
29	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	30	det	_	_
30	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
31	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	withstand	withstand	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
33	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	_
34	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	41	punct	_	_
35	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	41	mark	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nsubj:pass	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nmod	_	_
40	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	41	aux:pass	_	_
41	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	32	advcl	_	_
42	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
43	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	45	det:predet	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	peoples	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	41	obl	_	_
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gather** | past | the Jews | Jews *= jew* |  | Jews's cities | throughout all provinces of the king | together *property* | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent themselves=Theme |
| 2 | **lay** | to-infinitive | the Jews *not said here* | hand |  | sought |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent hand=Theme on such=Destination |
| 3 | **withstand** | could | no man | Jews *= jew* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **fall** | past · passive |  | the fear of Jews |  |  |  | upon all peoples | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: subject=Result |
| 5 | **hurt** |  | Jews *= jew* |  |  |  |  |  | nom hurt «state intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 6 | **fear** |  |  | Jews *= jew* |  |  |  |  | nom fear «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
נִקְהֲל֨וּ הַיְּהוּדִ֜ים בְּעָרֵיהֶ֗ם בְּכָל־מְדִינוֹת֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֳחַשְׁוֵר֔וֹשׁ לִשְׁלֹ֣חַ יָ֔ד בִּמְבַקְשֵׁ֖י רָֽעָתָ֑ם וְאִישׁ֙ לֹא־עָמַ֣ד לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם כִּֽי־נָפַ֥ל פַּחְדָּ֖ם עַל־כָּל־הָעַמִּֽים׃

[Esther 9:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and the Targum →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EST:147` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Esther 9:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/jps/EST.146/)
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- ↑ back to [Esther 9:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/ketuvim/EST.9.2/)